{"id":7975,"date":"2018-01-18T09:03:58","date_gmt":"2018-01-18T02:03:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=7975"},"modified":"2018-01-18T09:03:58","modified_gmt":"2018-01-18T02:03:58","slug":"cong-nghe-nhien-lieu-hoa-thach-khong-gay-o-nhiem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/cong-nghe-nhien-lieu-hoa-thach-khong-gay-o-nhiem\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/khoahocvacongnghevietnam.com.vn\/images\/stories\/thang-1-2018\/101-cnghe.jpg\" alt=\"101 cnghe\" \/><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ohio \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p>Hai b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Energy &amp; Environmental Science. Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e1 phi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 metanol v\u00e0 x\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 CO<sub>2<\/sub>. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho than \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 cho ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1eefu \u00edch. Trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ea3n sinh, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0b\u1ed5 sung t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1ee9 hai, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i than \u0111\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1eefu \u00edch trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 xin c\u1ea5p s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 50% chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n sinh kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t oxit kim lo\u1ea1i trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u00e1p cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n oxy trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Oxit kim lo\u1ea1i cung c\u1ea5p oxy cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay th\u1ebf t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1ch cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 5 n\u0103m, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cho than \u0111\u00e1 (CDCL), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb than \u0111\u00e1 trong khi l\u1ea1i thu h\u01a1n 99% CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a CDCL l\u00e0 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t oxit s\u1eaft cung c\u1ea5p oxy \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Sau khi \u0111\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t thu oxy t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9 5 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho CDCL \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i qua 100 chu k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 8 ng\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t qua h\u01a1n 3.000 chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n 8 th\u00e1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i lab. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eefa li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u00edch kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 amoniac, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u1ee3i cacbon. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edf ra ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n nay, CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc t\u1eeb kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. Trong k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>(Vista)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ohio \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO2\u00a0v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Hai b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":7976,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7975","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7975","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7975"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7975\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8012,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7975\/revisions\/8012"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7976"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7975"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7975"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7975"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}