{"id":5916,"date":"2016-10-05T18:50:30","date_gmt":"2016-10-05T11:50:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=5916"},"modified":"2017-10-03T17:06:22","modified_gmt":"2017-10-03T10:06:22","slug":"nha-khoa-hoc-thuy-dien-gay-tranh-cai-khi-chinh-sua-gen-o-phoi-thai-nguoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/nha-khoa-hoc-thuy-dien-gay-tranh-cai-khi-chinh-sua-gen-o-phoi-thai-nguoi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i khi ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen \u1edf ph\u00f4i thai ng\u01b0\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fredrik Lanner – m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n trong tu\u1ea7n qua \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng tranh c\u00e3i khi can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i thai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay, d\u00f9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen hay \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch gay g\u1eaft. Nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda ADN \u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ph\u00f4i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng may c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y sang th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CRISPR d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. CRISPR-Cas9 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 \u00f4ng Lanner s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. CRISPR v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con dao \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 gen v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ADN c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Lanner hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Karolinska \u1edf Stockholm (th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n), v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen trong ph\u00f4i thai ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gen \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i thai b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eb1m c\u00f3 th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 sinh, s\u1ea9y thai, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

“N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u00f4i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch cho ch\u00fang ta trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, Parkinson, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u201d, \u00f4ng Lanner cho bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i thai n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian 2 tu\u1ea7n. \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 CRISPR, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong ph\u00f4i thai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d, Lanner n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Fredrik Lanner (ph\u1ea3i) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Karolinska \u1edf Stockholm (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n) v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh – Alvaro Plaza Reyes, \u0111ang ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i thai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i thai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh nh\u1edd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen\u200b<\/em><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen \u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i thai kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n b\u1ed9 gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u1ebb em theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p ph\u00f4i thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0o t\u1eed cung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Lanner cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gen c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ph\u00f4i thai kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p ph\u00f4i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

Xoay quanh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, th\u00e1ng 12\/2015, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen l\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Sau h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i s\u1eafp s\u1eeda b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 mang thai. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd th\u1eadt “v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m” n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng m\u1ea7m (nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau), cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen \u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, bao g\u1ed3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Lanner, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u1edf Anh, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 CRISPR \u0111\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ph\u00f4i thai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ph\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 7 ng\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o: NPR\u200b<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fredrik Lanner – m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n trong tu\u1ea7n qua \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng tranh c\u00e3i khi can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i thai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay, d\u00f9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":5272,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5916","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5916"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5916\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7182,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5916\/revisions\/7182"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5916"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}