{"id":5908,"date":"2016-10-05T18:49:22","date_gmt":"2016-10-05T11:49:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=5908"},"modified":"2017-10-03T17:05:33","modified_gmt":"2017-10-03T10:05:33","slug":"mang-toi-cua-dien-mat-troi-thach-thuc-va-no-luc-giam-thieu-o-nhiem-tu-hoat-dong-san-xuat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/mang-toi-cua-dien-mat-troi-thach-thuc-va-no-luc-giam-thieu-o-nhiem-tu-hoat-dong-san-xuat\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ed5 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 2009 c\u1ee7a Silicon Valley Toxics Coaliation (SVTC) – t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m, th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i ngu\u1ed3n cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi m\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 con ch\u00e1u ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng do ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c gia Argonne t\u1ea1i Illinois v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Northwestern \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea3i ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c cao g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea3i ra t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1eeb pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea3i ra t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1n v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 khi t\u1ea5m pin kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch th\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2011, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Chi\u1ebft Giang, Trung Qu\u1ed1c thu\u1ed9c Jinko Solar Holding – m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp acid hydrofluoric – m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n cao v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Mujiaqiao g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft c\u00e1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 acid hydroflouric trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed c\u1eadu Aixue Hu c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m cho khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh n\u1eafng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb khi \u0111i\u1ec7n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng sang pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 90%.<\/p>\n

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V\u1eady nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 SEIA \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n “Cam k\u1ebft tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi” trong \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 98,5% ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i silicon tetrachloride. Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eeba m\u1edbi ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ec3 ng\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi th\u00ec trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00edch l\u1ec7. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u00edt nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

SVTC theo d\u00f5i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u0103ng t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. SVTC tin r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1edbm ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, khi pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u00edt n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 nh\u01b0ng trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t cao. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng ngoan c\u1ed1 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed7i c\u0169ng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh thu h\u1ed3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y quang \u0111i\u1ec7n Crescent Dune t\u1ea1i Las Vegas.\u200b<\/em><\/p>\n

Hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai khi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i quang \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n. Theo SVTC, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin quang \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 CIGS, Avancis, Solar Frontier v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebdm sulfidde thay cho cadmium sulfide trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Theo: Words in the bucket\u200b<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 2009 c\u1ee7a Silicon Valley Toxics Coaliation (SVTC) – t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":7173,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5908"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7177,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5908\/revisions\/7177"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}