{"id":5682,"date":"2016-06-22T17:43:46","date_gmt":"2016-06-22T10:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=5682"},"modified":"2017-10-03T09:18:30","modified_gmt":"2017-10-03T02:18:30","slug":"cac-nha-khoa-hoc-tim-ra-cach-tai-che-chai-nhua-tui-nilon-thanh-dau-diesel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/cac-nha-khoa-hoc-tim-ra-cach-tai-che-chai-nhua-tui-nilon-thanh-dau-diesel\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf chai nh\u1ef1a, t\u00fai nilon th\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u diesel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 chai nh\u1ef1a, t\u00fai nilon ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung qu\u1ed1c cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 bao nilon th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh &#8220;kho b\u00e1u&#8221; v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai thay v\u00ec \u0111i l\u01b0\u1ee3m ve chai \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i &#8220;thu ho\u1ea1ch&#8221; r\u00e1c t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 cao l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6303\" src=\"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/11092017090300-baotran79-mang.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/11092017090300-baotran79-mang.jpg 500w, https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/11092017090300-baotran79-mang-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf polyethylene (p\u00f4 ly \u00ea ty len &#8211; C2H4), h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t g\u1ed3m 2 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed hydro v\u00e0 carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1ef1a, c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 100 tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Polyethylene l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111em \u0111\u1ed1t chai nh\u1ef1a \u1edf 400 \u0111\u1ed9 C, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c, d\u1ea7u, than tro v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1p. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 2 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a m\u00e0 t\u1ed1n \u00edt nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 ankan \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u diesel. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c iridium (Ir) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch hydro (H) kh\u1ecfi h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a c\u1ea7n t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. B\u01b0\u1edbc hai, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t g\u1ed3m Reni, nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 Oxy s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u1ed1c carbon c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh carbon \u0111\u01a1n thay v\u00ec C2. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, hydro \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ankan \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00edch h\u01a1n. Chu tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ee9 l\u1eadp \u0111i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn khi ankan l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed carbon \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u diesel. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ea7u diesel ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1p v\u00f4 c\u01a1, t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hy v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai h\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a, bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 \u00edch h\u01a1n cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><em>Theo LAtimes\u200b<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 chai nh\u1ef1a, t\u00fai nilon ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung qu\u1ed1c cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":6303,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5682","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5682"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6311,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5682\/revisions\/6311"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}