{"id":5614,"date":"2016-05-31T17:17:24","date_gmt":"2016-05-31T10:17:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=5614"},"modified":"2017-10-03T08:49:23","modified_gmt":"2017-10-03T01:49:23","slug":"ky-luc-moi-trong-luong-du-lieu-can-dung-de-chung-minh-mot-van-de-toan-hoc-200tb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/ky-luc-moi-trong-luong-du-lieu-can-dung-de-chung-minh-mot-van-de-toan-hoc-200tb\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c m\u1edbi trong l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc: 200TB"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1eebng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf \u0111i h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb3ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1n t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 trang gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi 200 TB d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 800 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n khi m\u00e0 b\u00e1i to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 xoay quanh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Pytago.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ronald Graham v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng 100 \u0111\u00f4 la l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eb7ng cho nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

“The problem asks whether it is possible to colour each positive integer either red or blue, so that no trio of integers a, b and c that satisfy Pythagoras\u2019 famous equation a2 + b2 = c2 are all the same colour.”. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: “C\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt s\u1eafp m\u00e0u xanh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecf c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean sao cho kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 3 s\u1ed1 Pytago n\u00e0o tr\u00f9ng m\u00e0u”.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfc si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Texas d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u00e0i to\u00e1n\u200b<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 m\u00e3i cho t\u1edbi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, nh\u00f3m 3 nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Texas m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n. H\u00f3a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 1 t\u1edbi 7825 (cho t\u1edbi s\u1ed1 7824 th\u00ec c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i). Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ed1 7825 th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 10^2300 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u00e0u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 1 ng\u00e0n t\u1ef7 c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 1 t\u1edbi 7824 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c xanh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ba a, b v\u00e0 c th\u1ecfa a2 +b2 = c2 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u00e0u. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi 7824 \u00f4 vu\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c xanh (m\u1ed9t \u00f4 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng 1 trong 2 m\u00e0u). Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 1 t\u1edbi 7825 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.\u200b<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Stampede t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Texas \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 800 b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd trong su\u1ed1t 2 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 200 TB d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 13GB.) Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Cho t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem th\u00eam file PDF t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o Nature, Arxiv\u200b<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1eebng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf \u0111i h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb3ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1n t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 trang gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi 200 TB d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 800 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1edbi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":6224,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5614"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5614\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6225,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5614\/revisions\/6225"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}