{"id":4876,"date":"2016-04-11T07:00:56","date_gmt":"2016-04-11T00:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=4876"},"modified":"2017-10-02T14:32:41","modified_gmt":"2017-10-02T07:32:41","slug":"tim-duoc-cach-ma-hoa-du-lieu-so-vao-dna-sau-do-phuc-hoi-lai-mot-cach-hoan-hao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/tim-duoc-cach-ma-hoa-du-lieu-so-vao-dna-sau-do-phuc-hoi-lai-mot-cach-hoan-hao\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o DNA, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u1ea1c hay \u1ea3nh n\u1eefa b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng DNA \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington th\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eafp t\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Luis Ceze cho bi\u1ebft: &#8220;S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 DNA v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 gen di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00fang d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t, r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n. Ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, video, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u,&#8230; v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 1 v\u00e0 0 v\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c file k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a 4 lo\u1ea1i nucleotide l\u00e0 A, T, G, X. N\u00f3i nghe th\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9 th\u1eadt ra c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u01b0u c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i DNA c\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a Huffman, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lossless.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a 4 nucleotide trong DNA. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng DNA \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t file, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean DNA nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng trong b\u1ea3ng b\u00ean tr\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111o\u1ea1n DNA \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u1ecd ch\u00e8n c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t khi c\u1ea7n d\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u00f3. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, bao g\u1ed3m chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a A, G, T, X sang m\u00e3 Huffman v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 1, 0. B\u00f9m, t\u1eadp tin ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u1edf h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i. Ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, h\u1ecd cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 video, \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp tin s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y. Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, h\u1ecd tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 &#8220;n\u00e9n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t si\u00eau th\u1ecb xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, khoan h\u1eb5n qu\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng hay th\u1ebb nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p DNA ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc, m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Tham kh\u1ea3o UW, Gizmodo\u200b<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u1ea1c hay \u1ea3nh n\u1eefa b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng DNA \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington th\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":4438,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4876","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4876"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4876\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4877,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4876\/revisions\/4877"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}