{"id":4761,"date":"2016-02-12T16:19:06","date_gmt":"2016-02-12T09:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=4761"},"modified":"2017-10-02T11:36:15","modified_gmt":"2017-10-02T04:36:15","slug":"phat-hien-song-hap-dan-xac-nhan-tien-doan-cua-einstein","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/phat-hien-song-hap-dan-xac-nhan-tien-doan-cua-einstein\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Einstein"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t 100 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Einstein trong thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Theo New<\/em> York<\/em> Times<\/em>, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u00e0 ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a hai l\u1ed7 \u0111en va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi nhau c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta kho\u1ea3ng 1 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

\u00c2m thanh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u00f3ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u1ed1n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng nh\u1ecf trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian, th\u1eddi gian. Nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi c\u0169ng t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en: h\u1ed1 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1y m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam nh\u1eefng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 Einstein t\u1eebng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n 100 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Hai l\u1ed7 \u0111en n\u00e0y xoay quanh nhau \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kho\u1ea3ng 100 km. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111en v\u1edbi k\u00edch c\u1ee1 g\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 36 l\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, l\u1ed7 \u0111en c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 29 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Sau khi xoay quanh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau, sau m\u1ed9t rung l\u1eafc m\u1ea1nh trong m\u1ed9t t\u00edch t\u1eafc r\u1ea5t nhanh, h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i. Trong ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111en m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n sinh.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed7 \u0111en m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a hai l\u1ed7 \u0111en c\u0169. Kh\u1ed1i v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 kho\u1ea3ng 3 l\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n trong kh\u00f4ng gian v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, trong 1\/5 gi\u00e2y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00fa \u201c\u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9\u201d, l\u1ed7 \u0111en m\u1edbi s\u1ea3n sinh ra kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 50 l\u1ea7n t\u1ed5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 (d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, X-ray,…).<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sau 1,3 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1,3 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m sau v\u1ee5 \u201c\u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9\u201d, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 9\/2015, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf bang Washington v\u00e0 Louisiana c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y qua \u0103ng-ten.<\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c vui m\u1eebng,\u201d Gabriela Gonz\u00e1lez c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc bang Louisiana, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n cho nh\u00f3m LIGO ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi New York Times<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m LIGO c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (nh\u00f3m Virgo) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean t\u1edd Physical<\/em> Review Letters<\/em> h\u00f4m 11\/2. B\u1ea3n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i,\u201d Szabolcs Marka, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia (M\u1ef9) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a LIGO, n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng n\u00f3i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft\u201d (ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn, ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c k\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng). \u201cCu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec gi\u1edd thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u00f4i tai. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd, ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 tai c\u1ea3.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn cho ba nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Kip Thorne c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 California (CalTech, M\u1ef9), Rainer Weiss c\u1ee7a MIT v\u00e0 Ronald Drever t\u1eebng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Caltech v\u00e0 gi\u1edd ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u \u1edf Scotland. C\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c \u0111o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Einstein.<\/p>\n

Einstein c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng cho qu\u1ef9 National Science Foundation c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u01a1n 1,1 t\u1ef7 USD trong su\u1ed1t 40 n\u0103m qua \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0103ng-ten nghe c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch cho r\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 chi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Khi Einstein c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1915, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quy lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 200 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Newton, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Theo Einstein th\u00ec v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd b\u00f3p m\u00e9o v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ee7 say l\u00e0m t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m co gi\u00e3n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng gian – th\u1eddi gian co gi\u00e3n, g\u00e3y v\u1ee5n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ee7 l\u0103n qua l\u0103n l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng d\u01b0 ch\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c: s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, Einstein kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. N\u0103m 1916, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Karl Schwarzschild (m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c), r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 \u0111en ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

T\u1edbi n\u0103m 1936, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd Nathan Rosen c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u1eadt l\u1ea1i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Thanh Tu\u1ea5n<\/em>
\n http:\/\/news.zing.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t 100 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Einstein trong thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. Theo New York Times, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u00e0 ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a hai l\u1ed7 \u0111en va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":5288,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4761","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4761"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4761\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5289,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4761\/revisions\/5289"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5288"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}