{"id":4665,"date":"2015-12-23T14:28:22","date_gmt":"2015-12-23T07:28:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=4665"},"modified":"2017-10-02T10:03:49","modified_gmt":"2017-10-02T03:03:49","slug":"phat-trien-kim-loai-trong-suot-de-che-tao-man-hinh-voi-gia-chua-toi-5-so-voi-hien-tai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/phat-trien-kim-loai-trong-suot-de-che-tao-man-hinh-voi-gia-chua-toi-5-so-voi-hien-tai\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kim lo\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 5% so v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao, v\u1eeba d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng minh, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ef1c r\u1ebb v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft trong su\u1ed1t 60 n\u0103m qua, Indi thi\u1ebfc oxit (ITO) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1n d\u1eabn trong su\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra h\u01a1n 90% m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Indi \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u0169ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u00f4 \u0111un m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc smartphone ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n 40% chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Trong khi theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec chip nh\u1edb v\u00e0 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c thay th\u1ebf cho ITO. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t, v\u1eeba d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. V\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Roman Engel-Herbert \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nan gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan stronti vanadat v\u00e0 canxi vanadat\u200b<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m phim m\u1ecfng 10 nm l\u00e0m t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan (correlated metals) v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c electron s\u1ebd “ch\u1ea3y” gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Trong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0ng, nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1c, c\u00e1c electron di chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed th\u00ec trong kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 stronti vanadat v\u00e0 canxi vanadat th\u00ec ch\u00fang di chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t quang h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n cao nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Engel-Herbert cho bi\u1ebft: “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c electron c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c electron mang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c electron “c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng electron kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u01b0 x\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m kh\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. D\u00f2ng electron n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trong su\u1ed1t, \u00edt ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu.”<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 mang k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1edbi cho gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Karin Rabe, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Rutgers. Rabe \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u1eb1m x\u00e9t t\u1edbi t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong su\u1ed1t. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 stronti vanadat v\u00e0 canxi vanadat.
\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a 1 kg Indi l\u00e0 750 \u0111\u00f4 la, trong khi stronti vanadat v\u00e0 canxi vanadat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a vanadi l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 25 \u0111\u00f4 la\/kg, ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 5% gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Indi v\u00e0 Stronti th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n r\u1ebb h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 vanadi n\u1eefa. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 thay th\u1ebf cho indi trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng minh, k\u00ednh th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o Penstate, Futurity\u200b<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao, v\u1eeba d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng minh, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":5140,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4665","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4665"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4665\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5141,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4665\/revisions\/5141"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5140"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}