{"id":4591,"date":"2015-11-30T07:12:45","date_gmt":"2015-11-30T00:12:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=4591"},"modified":"2017-10-02T09:39:44","modified_gmt":"2017-10-02T02:39:44","slug":"thuc-trang-nuoi-trong-thuy-san-va-dinh-huong-ung-dung-cong-nghe-moi-o-thanh-pho-can-tho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/thuc-trang-nuoi-trong-thuy-san-va-dinh-huong-ung-dung-cong-nghe-moi-o-thanh-pho-can-tho\/","title":{"rendered":"TH\u1ef0C TR\u1ea0NG NU\u00d4I TR\u1ed2NG TH\u1ee6Y S\u1ea2N V\u00c0 \u0110\u1ecaNH H\u01af\u1edaNG \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG C\u00d4NG NGH\u1ec6 M\u1edaI \u1ede TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 C\u1ea6N TH\u01a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u00e0 51.000 ha, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean 10.000 ha v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean 190.000 t\u1ea5n.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, n\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng S\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long (\u0110BSCL), Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n ngh\u1ec1 c\u00e1. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 45\/NQ-TW c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y 17\/02\/2005, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0110BSCL, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n v\u00f9ng. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 PTNT \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n v\u00f9ng \u0110BSCL t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng qua li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh trong v\u00f9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Trung t\u00e2m d\u1ea1y ngh\u1ec1 n\u00ean \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

1. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u00e0 51.000 ha, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean 10.000 ha v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean 190.000 t\u1ea5n. N\u0103m 2014, t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 13.195 ha, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 196.815 t\u1ea5n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra l\u00e0 831 ha, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 150.634 t\u1ea5n. Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1 Tra, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nu\u00f4i, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nu\u00f4i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean ao v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 336 ha v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 15.600 t\u1ea5n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nu\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0: c\u00e1 L\u00f3c, c\u00e1 Tr\u00ea, c\u00e1 R\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1 Th\u00e1t l\u00e1t c\u00f2m… T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a l\u0169 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 ru\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 8.846 ha, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 7.069 t\u1ea5n; di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i T\u00f4m c\u00e0ng xanh l\u00e0 60 ha v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 59 t\u1ea5n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n l\u1ed3ng b\u00e8 v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 200 b\u00e8 c\u00e1, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1 R\u00f4 phi, c\u00e1 \u0110i\u00eau H\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1 th\u00e1t l\u00e1t c\u00f2m v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2.095 t\u1ea5n. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nu\u00f4i nh\u01b0: L\u01b0\u01a1n, \u1ebech, c\u00e1 Ch\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5u\u2026<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, Chi c\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111ang ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Trung t\u00e2m Khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng Qu\u1ed1c Gia Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cH\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra th\u00e2m canh \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn VietGAP\u201d, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c 03 l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n vietGAP v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec3m VietGAP \u1edf 03 c\u01a1 s\u1edf nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra, Chi c\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111ang tham m\u01b0u S\u1edf NN&PTNT xem x\u00e9t tr\u00ecnh UBND TP C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cX\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng V\u00f9ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Ph\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n L\u1ed9c, qu\u1eadn th\u1ed1t N\u1ed1t\u201d; D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201ckhu s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung\u201d v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 200 ha t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n C\u1edd \u0110\u1ecf; \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Quy ph\u1ea1m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t (VietGAP) giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2015-2016; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch quan tr\u1eafc m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2015-2016, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ea1m quan tr\u1eafc m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra \u1edf c\u00e1c khu nu\u00f4i t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n

1.1. V\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/strong>
\n\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0nh nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng con gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. N\u0103m 2011, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 tra c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng di truy\u1ec1n cao v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 PTNT, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 2.500 con c\u00e1 tra h\u1eadu b\u1ecb t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng Th\u1ee7y S\u1ea3n II (Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u NTTS II) cho 03 C\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1eb1m cung \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Chi c\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 c\u00f2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: \u201c\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 di truy\u1ec1n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 tra \u1edf \u0110BSCL\u201d ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t con gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng xanh to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ef1c theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Israel, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. N\u0103m 2011, Chi c\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi S\u1edf Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201c\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1\u201d. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1edd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0: c\u00e1 L\u00f3c, c\u00e1 Th\u00e1t l\u00e1t c\u00f2m, L\u01b0\u01a1n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, c\u00e1 Ch\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5u\u2026
\nNgo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n nay con gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u con gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n th\u01a1 \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Trung t\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n c\u1ea5p I \u1edf huy\u1ec7n V\u0129nh Th\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2015.<\/p>\n

1.2. V\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/strong>
\nB\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng con gi\u1ed1ng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nu\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c (c\u00e1 tra) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng sang th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0: c\u00e1 L\u00f3c, c\u00e1 Th\u00e1t L\u00e1t c\u00f2m, \u1ebech, c\u00e1 Ch\u1ea1ch L\u1ea5u\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nu\u00f4i. Th\u1eddi gian qua, Chi c\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty th\u1ee9c \u0103n Ewos nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 L\u00f3c, c\u00e1 Th\u00e1t L\u00e1t c\u00f2m trong ao nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 L\u00f3c, c\u00e1 Th\u00e1t L\u00e1t c\u00f2m r\u1ea5t cao. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m 40%, cho h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9c \u0103n (FCR) trung b\u00ecnh 1,2 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 L\u00f3c v\u00e0 FCR l\u00e0 1,6 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 th\u00e1t l\u00e1t c\u00f2m nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean ao. Qua \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n, th\u00e2m canh t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

1.3. V\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/strong>
\nHo\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m. C\u00e1 Tra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean 150.000 t\u1ea5n. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, quy chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m trong nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1t 51,42 ha, bao g\u1ed3m: 10 ha \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 03 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn: ASC, GlobalGAP, BAP; 18,92 ha \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn VietGAP (3 Trang tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 2 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn VietGAP); 7,5 ha \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn GlobalGAP, 15 ha c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn BAP.
\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n th\u00e2m canh \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0: nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 L\u00f3c, c\u00e1 R\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u vu\u00f4ng, c\u00e1 Th\u00e1t L\u00e1t c\u00f2m, L\u01b0\u01a1n, c\u00e1 Ch\u1ea1ch L\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng con gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00e1 L\u00f3c nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean ao \u0111\u1ea5t mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m 40% nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 L\u00f3c, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 FCR trung b\u00ecnh 1,2. Sau v\u1ee5 nu\u00f4i 5 th\u00e1ng, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 L\u00f3c th\u00e2m canh cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 300 t\u1ea5n\/ha. Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh 28.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 40.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 L\u00f3c c\u00f3 l\u1eddi 12.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, C\u00e1 L\u00f3c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n VietGAP (1,25 ha \u1edf Th\u1ed1t N\u1ed1t).<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 R\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u vu\u00f4ng th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean ao v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i ng\u1eafn, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao. C\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i t\u1ef1 \u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c mua \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u1eadn c\u1eadn. Th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m 30% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong su\u1ed1t quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 FCR t\u1eeb 1,2 -1,3. Sau 3 th\u00e1ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch c\u1ee1 3 con\/kg th\u00ec thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t 35 – 40 t\u1ea5n\/ha. Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 18.000 – 20.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n 26.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb 6.000 \u2013 8.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 th\u00e1t l\u00e1t c\u00f2m, c\u00f3 02 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean ao \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i tr\u00ean v\u00e8o. Khi nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean ao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m 40%, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9c \u0103n FCR l\u00e0 1,5-1,6. Thu ho\u1ea1ch sau 8 th\u00e1ng nu\u00f4i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 35 – 40 t\u1ea5n\/ha. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Th\u00e1t L\u00e1t c\u00f2m tr\u00ean v\u00e8o l\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 \u00edt di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169 ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 20 kg\/m2 v\u00e8o. C\u00e1 th\u00e1t l\u00e1t c\u00f2m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nu\u00f4i mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 45.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i 68.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i l\u1eddi 23.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng xanh tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng xanh to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Isreal cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 800kg\/ha (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi TCX gi\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng) l\u00ean 1 t\u1ea5n\/ha (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi TCX gi\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Israel), l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 35 \u2013 40 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, duy tr\u00ec di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i l\u01b0\u01a1n \u1edf huy\u1ec7n V\u0129nh Th\u1ea1nh, huy\u1ec7n C\u1edd \u0110\u1ecf (hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 900 b\u1ec3 b\u1ea1t nu\u00f4i l\u01b0\u01a1n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 40 m2\/b\u1ec3, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 450 kg\/b\u1ed3n); chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i l\u01b0\u01a1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec3 l\u00f3t b\u1ea1t c\u00f3 b\u00f9n sang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c nu\u00f4i l\u01b0\u01a1n tr\u00ean b\u1ec3 b\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng b\u00f9n b\u1eb1ng con gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. L\u01b0\u01a1n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u1eeb 10 \u2013 15cm (2 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m 40% cho h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 FCR 3.5, sau th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i 8 – 10 th\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch c\u1ee1 250 \u2013 300g\/con, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean 90%. V\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh 80.000 \u2013 90.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 140.000 \u2013 160.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i l\u01b0\u01a1n mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i t\u1eeb 50.000 – 80.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg. Ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i L\u01b0\u01a1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i l\u01b0\u01a1n, t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean 20 \u2013 30 kg\/m2, n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i L\u01b0\u01a1n nh\u01b0 MetroGAP (800 m2 \u1edf C\u1edd \u0110\u1ecf), VietGAP (3.400 m2 \u1edf V\u0129nh Th\u1ea1nh).<\/p>\n

\u1ebech \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i ng\u1eafn, \u00edt t\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9 nu\u00f4i \u1ebfch \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MetroGAP v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u00eau th\u1ecb Metro bao ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i ng\u1eafn, sau 2 th\u00e1ng nu\u00f4i \u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch c\u1ee1 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 300 g\/con v\u00e0 cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao (20 – 30 kg\/m2). V\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh 19.000 \u2013 20.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n 25.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb 5.000-6.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg.
\nB\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 ch\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5u th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean ao \u0111\u1ea5t, nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 ch\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5u tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 01 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m. C\u00e1 Ch\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (12 \u2013 15cm) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nu\u00f4i tr\u00ean ao \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 5 con\/m2, th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m 42% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong su\u1ed1t quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i. Sau 10 – 12 th\u00e1ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch c\u1ee1 300 g\/con, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng 60%, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 800 \u2013 900 kg\/1.000m2.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 R\u00f4 Phi, \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi tr\u00ean ao nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 R\u00f4 Phi th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean ao \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 40 ha, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u quy ho\u1ea1ch nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh c\u00e1 R\u00f4 Phi trong ao nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00ec C\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1 Tai T\u01b0\u1ee3ng da beo \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i cung \u1ee9ng cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. C\u00e1 Tai T\u01b0\u1ee3ng da beo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nu\u00f4i mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00edt di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i t\u1eeb c\u00e1 b\u1ed9t v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0\u01a1ng 500 con\/m2, sau 2 th\u00e1ng \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 80 \u2013 100 con\/m2. Th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng da beo l\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9, t\u00e9p, th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 40% \u0111\u1ea1m. Sau th\u1eddi gian \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i 5 th\u00e1ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng 90%, c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch c\u1ee1 10cm chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u00ec ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1n. V\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1eeb 7.000 \u2013 9.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/con, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n 13.000 \u2013 15.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/con, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb 3.000 – 6.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/con.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nu\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0: nu\u00f4i l\u01b0\u01a1n, nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 Ch\u1ea1ch L\u1ea5u, c\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

2. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e2m canh h\u00f3a ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng x\u1ea5u \u0111i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n, di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c thay n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m c\u00e1 \u1edf quy m\u00f4 th\u00e2m canh. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u01b0\u1edbc ao s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao ngay khi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ao c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u suy gi\u1ea3m. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n (RAS), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n Raceway, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Biofloc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Aquaponic,\u2026c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea1ch, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n

2.1. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n
\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n (RAS) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sau khi \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc sau l\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec3 \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n l\u01b0u n\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kho\u00e1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc (hai d\u00f2ng vi khu\u1ea9n hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed Nitrosomonas v\u00e0 Nitrobacter c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a sinh h\u1ecdc) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i.
\nNh\u00ecn chung, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t cho th\u1ee7y sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro cho ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u01b0\u01a1ng nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao cho th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong \u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng xanh (\u0110\u1ed7 Th\u1ecb Thanh H\u01b0\u01a1ng, 1986); \u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng t\u00f4m s\u00fa (Th\u1ea1ch Thanh v\u00e0 ctv, 1999); nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 l\u00f3c (Channa striata) (Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng Khoa, 2012). Hi\u1ec7n nay, nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u1ea3i cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: c\u00e1 R\u00f4 phi, c\u00e1 Ch\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh\u2026m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nu\u00f4i tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 Tra, L\u01b0\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1 Ch\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

2.2. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Biofloc<\/strong>
\nC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Biofloc (BFT) l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ao nu\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee5c kh\u00ed v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea3o th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i Biofloc gi\u00fap th\u00e2m canh h\u00f3a ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng protein d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng sinh kh\u1ed1i vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

Vi sinh v\u1eadt d\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng C h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nit\u01a1 th\u1ea3i ra t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean protein. Carbohydrate \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a C nh\u01b0: tinh b\u1ed9t, r\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1m g\u1ea1o, glycerol,\u2026 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 C:N >12,5 : 1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh biofloc. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t floc th\u01b0\u1eddng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 0,1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i mm. Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y Biofloc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein tinh m\u00e0 c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a t\u1eeb biofloc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 25 \u2013 50% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein tinh \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n nu\u00f4i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong Biofloc ch\u1ee9a protein th\u00f4 t\u1eeb 25-49%; lipid t\u1eeb 0,46-0,83%; carotenoid t\u1eeb 60-163mg\/kg; ngo\u00e0i ra trong biofloc c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 emzyme, c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 kho\u00e1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 amino acid.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 biofloc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Biofloc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nu\u00f4i si\u00eau th\u00e2m canh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 R\u00f4 Phi, T\u00f4m he. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m si\u00eau th\u00e2m canh t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 300 con\/m3 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 900 con\/m3) v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh 3 \u2013 6 kg\/m3. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c 30 \u2013 60 t\u1ea5n t\u00f4m\/ha hay 100 \u2013 300 t\u1ea5n c\u00e1\/ha v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 15-20% v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea5p do kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay n\u01b0\u1edbc trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i (Yoram Avnimelech, 2012).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Biofloc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c k\u00eanh nu\u00f4i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y (Raceway) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n si\u00eau th\u00e2m canh nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y phun Venturi truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0\/hay oxy b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i trung t\u00e2m l\u1eafp d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u00eanh nu\u00f4i raceway \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n n\u01b0\u1edbc hay th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Biofloc c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ao nu\u00f4i, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh biofloc trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 vi sinh \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ao nu\u00f4i, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 N s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 biofloc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m: SBR – x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i theo m\u1ebb, k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp nhau v\u00e0 MBR – x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i theo m\u1ebb, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch biofloc ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

2.3. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Aquaponic<\/strong>
\nAquaponics l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1eefa nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y canh. Aquaponics l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb b\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho c\u00e1 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng aquaponic, c\u00e1 \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ra ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed, vi khu\u1ea9n nitrate h\u00f3a (Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter) chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh.<\/p>\n

Aquaponics l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay n\u01b0\u1edbc hay th\u00eam ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn. Aquaponic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng khan hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quy ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong><\/p>\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c Quy chu\u1ea9n, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 tra, c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi, t\u00f4m c\u00e0nh xanh, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ATTP. Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Quy ph\u1ea1m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t (VietGAP) \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

– Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam kho\u00e1 XII, k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 4 th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2008.<\/p>\n

– Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 418\/Q\u0110-TTg ng\u00e0y 11\/4\/2012 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2011 \u2013 2020.<\/p>\n

– Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 1895\/Q\u0110-TTg ng\u00e0y 17\/12\/2012 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020.<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 176\/Q\u0110-TTg, ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 01 n\u0103m 2010 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111\u1ebfn 2020.<\/p>\n

– Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 01\/2012\/Q\u0110-TTg ng\u00e0y 9\/1\/2012 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 V\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec3n khai Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 71\/2011\/TT-BNNPTNT c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ban h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2011 v\u1ec1 Ban h\u00e0nh Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Th\u00fa y.<\/p>\n

– Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 51\/2014\/TT-BNNPTNT do B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 PTNT ban h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2014 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ATTP v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c C\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, du nh\u1eadp ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng h\u1eadu b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nu\u00f4i. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gen \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh; s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh, s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng, qui tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0110BSCL. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0: nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n (RAS), c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Biofloc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Aquaponic nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc, Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng qui tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Chi c\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u00e0 51.000 ha, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean 10.000 ha v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean 190.000 t\u1ea5n. V\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, n\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng S\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long (\u0110BSCL), Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":5075,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4591"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4591\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5076,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4591\/revisions\/5076"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}