{"id":4566,"date":"2015-11-19T07:00:18","date_gmt":"2015-11-19T00:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=4566"},"modified":"2017-10-02T08:28:46","modified_gmt":"2017-10-02T01:28:46","slug":"phat-hien-cac-goc-vat-lieu-moi-co-kha-nang-chiu-duoc-phong-xa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/phat-hien-cac-goc-vat-lieu-moi-co-kha-nang-chiu-duoc-phong-xa\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia Los Alamos cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong khi nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi cho c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o g\u1ed1m oxit c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1\u201d, Blas Uberuaga – t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c cation t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Los Alamos x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i oxit ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i oxit ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p, pyrochlore (A2B2O7), \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cation (A v\u00e0 B) ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c pyrochlore trong \u0111\u00f3 A v\u00e0 B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n khi A = Er v\u00e0 B = Zr), v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pyrochlore trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n (A = Er v\u00e0 B = Ti), v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 sang c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c lan ra trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c oxit kh\u00e1c nhau cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Los Alamos chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd sang m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i oxit ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 spinel (AB2O4) \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a spinel v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c spinel n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. H\u1ecd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong pyrochlore: trong spinel, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c cation A v\u00e0 B kh\u00f3 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00edt h\u01a1n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed A v\u00e0 B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

\u201cTrong pyrochlore, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed A v\u00e0 B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n xung quanh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong spinel, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i qu\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa spinel v\u00e0 pyrochlore, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i oxit ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c\u201d, Uberuaga n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi n\u00e0y kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u pyrochlore tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c oxit ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

Vista<\/em>
\n http:\/\/khoahocvacongnghevietnam.com.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia Los Alamos cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong khi nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi cho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":5042,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4566"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5043,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4566\/revisions\/5043"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}