{"id":4240,"date":"2015-10-23T13:30:43","date_gmt":"2015-10-23T06:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=4240"},"modified":"2017-09-28T23:15:30","modified_gmt":"2017-09-28T16:15:30","slug":"loc-nuoc-ngot-tu-nuoc-bien-bang-phuong-phap-don-gian-gia-re-va-khong-dung-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/loc-nuoc-ngot-tu-nuoc-bien-bang-phuong-phap-don-gian-gia-re-va-khong-dung-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc qua m\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Ai C\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc qua m\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Ai C\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n ngh\u00e8o, \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ea1i Ai C\u1eadp, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u trang b\u1ecb m\u1eafc ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i th\u1ea3i ra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt t\u1ed1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 trong chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Mona Naim, Mahmoud Elewa, Ahmed El-Shafei v\u00e0 Abeer Moneer t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Alexandria, Ai C\u1eadp tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi, gi\u00fap l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 pervaporation (PV – th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u h\u00f3a kh\u00ed,b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u qua m\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u v\u00e0 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bay h\u01a1i ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n qua m\u00e0ng b\u00e1n th\u1ea5m ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng x\u1ed1p). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1edbi 2 b\u01b0\u1edbc: \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng g\u1ed1m ho\u1eb7c polymer. Sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa 2 \u0111\u1ea7u (ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, ngu\u1ed3n ra th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 nhanh h\u01a1n, s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch l\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng do n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc bay h\u01a1i. Th\u1eadt ra, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt PV l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd, l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t m\u1eafc ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00fat mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam b\u1ed9t cellulose acetate \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i qua m\u00e0ng. B\u1ed9t cellulose acetate \u1edf d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb g\u1ed7 m\u00e0 theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng khan hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o SciDev, HP<\/strong>\u200b<\/em><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc qua m\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Ai C\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":4448,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4240"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4449,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4240\/revisions\/4449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4448"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}