{"id":3816,"date":"2015-10-01T22:14:11","date_gmt":"2015-10-01T15:14:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=3816"},"modified":"2017-09-27T22:15:25","modified_gmt":"2017-09-27T15:15:25","slug":"them-bang-chung-cho-thay-virus-la-sinh-vat-song-va-no-co-chung-to-tien-voi-te-bao-hien-dai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/them-bang-chung-cho-thay-virus-la-sinh-vat-song-va-no-co-chung-to-tien-voi-te-bao-hien-dai\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y virus l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 chung t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Virus l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khi x\u01b0a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a virus v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh \u1ee7ng h\u1ecd cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m xem virus l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn virus l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh do n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, \u0111a s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 enzym \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u00f3a nh\u1eb1m trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 sinh s\u1ea3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta x\u1ebfp virus v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 sinh. Tuy nhi\u00ean k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a virus c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, 2 nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a Gustavo Caetano-Anoll\u00e9s v\u00e0 Arshan Nasir \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00e9n h\u00e0nh so s\u00e1nh cu\u1ed9n protein (Protein Fold) c\u1ee7a 3.460 lo\u00e0i virus v\u1edbi 1.620 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Cu\u1ed9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a protein v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i virus ho\u1eb7c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd mang m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cu\u1ed9n protein kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi virus. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i virus \u0111\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00ean b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh che \u0111\u1eady \u0111i nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cu\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a protein lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a virus v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, 2 nh\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 442 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cu\u1ed9n protein gi\u1ed1ng nhau gi\u1eefa virus v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 66 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cu\u1ed9n protein ch\u1ec9 virus m\u1edbi c\u00f3. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt mu\u1ed1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi h\u1ecd so s\u00e1nh 2 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan nhau, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Theo 2 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u1edbi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng virus v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u1eebng chia s\u1ebb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Virus l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng “m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ee7”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 cho l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn virus l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i\u201d. L\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n g\u00e2y ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i trong gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 2 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Caetano-Anoll\u00e9s v\u00e0 Nasir cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cVirus c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng, sinh s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. C\u00e1ch sinh t\u1ed3n n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n k\u00fd sinh.”<\/p>\n

theo 2 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u201cnh\u00e0 m\u00e1y virus\u201d b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 virus – nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t mang t\u00ean virion t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ea3n. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn: \u201cB\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a virus l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y virus n\u1ed9i b\u00e0o b\u00ean trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t virion.”<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd sinh s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra th\u00eam nh\u1eefng virion m\u1edbi, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e2y sang nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u201cnh\u00e0 m\u00e1y virus\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t giao t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p t\u1eed. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 c\u0169ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra protein nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c virion m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a virus<\/strong><\/p>\n

2 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u1ea3 thi nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 virus hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean. H\u1ecd g\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t proto-virocell v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1edbi \u201cnh\u00e0 m\u00e1y virus n\u1ed9i b\u00e0o\u201d nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 proto-virocell \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n RNA v\u00e0 c\u0169ng thi\u1ebfu r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

Theo th\u1eddi gian, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khi\u1ebfn ch\u00f4 proto-virocell ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gen c\u0169ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean virus hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gen c\u0169ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o SM, GIzmodo\u200b<\/em><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tinhte.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Virus l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khi x\u01b0a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a virus v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Nghi\u00ean […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":3817,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3816"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3816\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3818,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3816\/revisions\/3818"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3817"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}