{"id":35858,"date":"2024-09-17T09:25:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T02:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=35858"},"modified":"2024-09-17T09:25:14","modified_gmt":"2024-09-17T02:25:14","slug":"tcvn-136212023-ve-yeu-cau-va-huong-dan-su-dung-chat-long-thuy-luc-chong-chay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/tcvn-136212023-ve-yeu-cau-va-huong-dan-su-dung-chat-long-thuy-luc-chong-chay\/","title":{"rendered":"TCVN 13621:2023 v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u00ec khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean tu\u00e2n theo Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCVN 13621:2023 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u kho\u00e1ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1eaft ch\u00e1y h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, d\u1ea7u kho\u00e1ng v\u1eabn d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ra ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u1ec5 b\u1eaft l\u1eeda. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft l\u1eeda, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00e9p, ho\u1eb7c \u1edf n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tho\u00e1t ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n l\u1eeda, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ecf than, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40000 kPa (400 bar) v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Do v\u1eady b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 nh\u1ecf, trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng n\u00ean tu\u00e2n theo Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCVN 13621:2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCVN 13621:2023 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c – ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y- c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ISO 6743-4. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y cho m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n

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D\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n. \u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1edfi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi sau khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i sau khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh sao cho gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u01b0u \u00fd, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gio\u0103ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m. S\u1ef1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t nhanh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng phun tia ho\u1eb7c phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 50 \u00b0C \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cao h\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, khi \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean k\u00e8m theo vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cao th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, s\u1ef1 bay h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. V\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft (shut-down) nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 x\u1ea3y ra th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1edbt \u1edf m\u1ecdi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n qua c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0ng b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c trong d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n g\u1ed3m b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n ranh gi\u1edbi (b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng). Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong b\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n theo v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ecdt \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ch\u1ed1ng c\u1eaft, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y c\u1eaft trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y kh\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp r\u00f5 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phi\u1ebfu an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 MSDS ho\u1eb7c SDS) ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y. C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd, g\u1ea1n, tr\u1ed9n (n\u1ebfu th\u00edch h\u1ee3p), b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phi\u1ebfu an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n; c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 c\u1ee9u; c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y; c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1; x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Khi th\u00f4ng tin b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea, c\u1ea7n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phi\u1ebfu an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham kh\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi l\u00fac khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ec9. N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean chi ti\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi phi\u1ebfu an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi da v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao v\u1ec1 v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng r\u1eddi hay trong th\u00f9ng phuy, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng. L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng phuy n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n theo chi\u1ec1u ngang trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p; n\u01a1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean n\u00ean b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng pliuy theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c v\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c n\u1eafp th\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u1eb7t khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u00e3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c g\u1ed3m n\u1ed9i dung quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y giao h\u00e0ng. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i h\u01a1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y hay kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Khi c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nghi ng\u1edd n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ph\u1ea3i tham v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111ang ch\u1edd x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u00e3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/vietq.vn\/tcvn-136212023-ve-yeu-cau-va-huong-dan-su-dung-chat-long-thuy-luc-chong-chays17-d225386.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u00ec khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean tu\u00e2n theo Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCVN 13621:2023 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":35859,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35858"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35860,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35858\/revisions\/35860"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}