{"id":35108,"date":"2024-07-19T15:10:02","date_gmt":"2024-07-19T08:10:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=35108"},"modified":"2024-07-19T15:10:12","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T08:10:12","slug":"canh-bao-nhung-doc-to-tu-nhien-co-san-trong-dong-vat-va-thuc-vat-can-de-phong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/canh-bao-nhung-doc-to-tu-nhien-co-san-trong-dong-vat-va-thuc-vat-can-de-phong\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 gia s\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Y t\u1ebf t\u1ec9nh L\u00e0o Cai, trong v\u00f2ng 7 n\u0103m qua, to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh x\u1ea3y ra 34 v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 2 ca \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb khi\u1ebfn 404 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1edbi 14 tu\u1ed5i. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0103n s\u1eafn cao s\u1ea3n, qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3ng tr\u00e2u v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng c\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 22 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, chi\u1ebfm 64,7% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5. Th\u1ee9c \u0103n g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 n\u1ea5m (chi\u1ebfm 56,3%), c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u00e2u ban mi\u00eau, c\u00f3c, s\u1eafn cao s\u1ea3n, c\u1ee7 n\u00e2u, hoa chu\u00f4ng, c\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c d\u01b0\u1ee3c, qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3ng tr\u00e2u, c\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ee5c. Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, 88% n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, Chi c\u1ee5c An to\u00e0n v\u1ec7 sinh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 Giang c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 Giang trong n\u0103m 2023 l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 trong n\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed9c, hoa qu\u1ea3 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t ng\u00f4 m\u1ed1c. G\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn 8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf huy\u1ec7n X\u00edn M\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u sau khi \u0103n hoa chu\u00f4ng x\u00e0o tr\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n 30 ph\u00fat sau \u0103n hoa chu\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c. Trong \u0111\u00f3, 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t \u00fd th\u1ee9c, k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u1eadt v\u00e3, \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed hai b\u00ean gi\u00e3n, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u1eadm, nh\u1ecbp tim nhanh. C\u00f2n 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng b\u1ecb hoa m\u1eaft, ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 khai th\u00e1c, thu h\u00e1i. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt, l\u1ebb t\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i cao.\u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m an to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh. \u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo S\u1edf Y t\u1ebf L\u00e0o Cai, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p: Kh\u00f4ng \u0103n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rau, c\u1ee7, qu\u1ea3 r\u1eebng l\u1ea1, ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c; ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ea5m khi bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn n\u1ea5m \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n n\u1ea5m l\u1ea1, n\u1ea5m hoang d\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n th\u1eed n\u1ea5m, d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u1ea5m khi c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c khoai t\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean mua ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7 khoai \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecdc m\u1ea7m hay nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7 c\u00f3 v\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u xanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecf c\u1ee7 c\u1ea3i tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 furocoumarins. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c, khi \u0103n c\u1ee7 c\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdt b\u1ecf s\u1ea1ch v\u1ecf, n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn, n\u01b0\u1edbng, gia nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng, c\u1ee7 c\u1ea3i s\u1ebd h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9c. Ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t \u1ea9m m\u1ed1c; kh\u00f4ng \u0103n nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu, l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed1c, th\u00e2m \u0111en.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng xanh c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 gia s\u00fac, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, sinh s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea7n kinh, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c cho c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi \u0103n. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c vi sinh v\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c do h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ea3o si\u00eau nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4i khi trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u1ecf \u0103n c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ea3n sinh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 tetrodotoxin<\/em>: T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c tetrodotoxin v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c, d\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u00e0o Nam, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao (t\u1edbi 60%). \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7, n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn hay ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4, s\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu nhanh ch\u00f3ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a trong v\u00f2ng 5-15 ph\u00fat, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea1t sau 20 ph\u00fat, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c v\u1edbi th\u1ea7n kinh, \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf k\u00eanh natri, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u01a1 v\u00e2n, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n xung \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00e2y li\u1ec7t c\u01a1 v\u00e0 suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, d\u1ec5 t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 c\u00f3c:<\/em> C\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng, n\u00f2ng n\u1ecdc, c\u00f3c nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f3c n\u1eb1m bao ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1edf da v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn mang tai. Khi b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c trong tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 phun n\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh tia c\u00e1ch xa v\u00e0i m\u00e9t. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p, thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m: c\u00e1c amin (adrenaline, noradrenaline, bufotenin, dihidrobufotenin, bufotionin) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a steroid (cholesterol, ergosterol, g-sistosterol, bufotoxin, bufadienolid, argentinogenin, bufalin, bafarenogin, bufotalin, bufotalinin\u2026). Trong \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ea5t bufodienolid v\u00e0 bufotoxin c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c glycoside tim. Bufotenin, dihidrobufotenin, bufotionin c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c. Indolealkylamin c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c, co c\u01a1 t\u1eed cung v\u00e0 co th\u1eaft ru\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 m\u1eadt c\u00e1: <\/em>\u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh v\u00ec ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt c\u00e1 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 hen ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, \u0111au l\u01b0ng, vi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eadt c\u00e1 tr\u1eafm, c\u00e1 tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u1ed1t s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3 t\u00fai m\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c pha v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u01b0\u1ee3u. C\u00e1 c\u00e0ng to th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1 tr\u00f4i 0,5 kg khi u\u1ed1ng m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y suy th\u1eadn c\u1ea5p. M\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 tr\u1eafm t\u1eeb 3 kg tr\u1edf l\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng hay g\u1eb7p ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1eadt c\u00e1 tr\u1eafm. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 trong m\u1eadt c\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t alcol steroid g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 5\u03b1-cyprinol, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 gan, th\u1eadn. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 sinh h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n: <\/em>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i t\u1ea3o bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (phytoplankton). Ch\u00fang t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1\/ nhuy\u1ec5n th\u1ec3 hai m\u1ea3nh v\u1ecf khi ch\u00fang \u0103n t\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c \u0103n nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n t\u1ea3o. C\u00f3 n\u0103m h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0: ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c g\u00e2y li\u1ec7t c\u01a1 (PSP), ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ea7n kinh (NSP), ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (DSP), ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb (ASP) t\u1eeb nhuy\u1ec5n th\u1ec3 hai m\u1ea3nh v\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00e1 ciguatera (CFP). Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 sinh h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Furocoumarins: <\/em>Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 rau m\u00f9i t\u00e2y, r\u1ec5 c\u1ea7n t\u00e2y, c\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u00fai (chanh, chanh, b\u01b0\u1edfi) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c. Furocoumarin l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd cho c\u00e2y. Furocoumarin l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc (phototoxic), g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng da khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi UVA). N\u1ebfu \u0103n ph\u1ea3i, furocoumarins c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng gan v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cyanogenic glycoside:<\/em> Cyanogenic glycoside l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong kho\u1ea3ng 2000 lo\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u1eafn, m\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1i, h\u1ea1t qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0o, m\u01a1, m\u1eadn, h\u1ea1nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eafng, \u2026 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a glycoside cyanogenic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cyanogenic glycoside ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do \u0103n s\u1eafn v\u00e0 m\u0103ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea5p thu cyanogenic glycoside v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh cyanua g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c n\u1ea5m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m:<\/em> N\u1ea5m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, n\u1ea5m r\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 24 gi\u1edd sau khi \u0103n, t\u1eeb n\u00f4n m\u1eeda, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, ti\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt, \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh, t\u1eed vong. C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1. Do v\u1eady, n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\/ n\u1ea5m r\u1eebng n\u00e0o tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 vi n\u1ea5m (Mycotoxin):<\/em> Mycotoxin l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c. N\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 gia v\u1ecb. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu ho\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean\/trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea5m, \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/vietq.vn\/canh-bao-nhung-doc-to-tu-nhien-trong-thuc-pham-d222752.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 gia s\u00fac. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Y t\u1ebf t\u1ec9nh L\u00e0o […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":35109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35108"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35108\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35110,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35108\/revisions\/35110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}