{"id":3362,"date":"2015-07-29T14:06:08","date_gmt":"2015-07-29T07:06:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=3362"},"modified":"2017-09-27T14:29:32","modified_gmt":"2017-09-27T07:29:32","slug":"sieu-am-va-cac-ung-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/sieu-am-va-cac-ung-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"SI\u00caU \u00c2M V\u00c0 C\u00c1C \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG"},"content":{"rendered":"

Si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh (s\u00f3ng \u00e2m) c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 tai ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a n\u00e0y t\u00f9y v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u1ee1 20 kHz.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan truy\u1ec1n trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 r\u1eafn, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh (kho\u1ea3ng 344 m\/s trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed). Do c\u00f9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 lan truy\u1ec1n, trong khi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n, b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh. Nh\u1edd b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u1edf k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee1 cm ho\u1eb7c mm. Do \u0111\u00f3, si\u00eau \u00e2m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 y h\u1ecdc, sinh h\u1ecdc, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\u2026.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG TRONG Y H\u1eccC<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ghi nh\u1eadn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 m\u1ec1m. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1eb1m \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 c\u01a1, d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao (7-18 MHz). Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 gan, th\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1edbi s\u00f3ng \u00e2m c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 Mhz.
\nT\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, do t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 si\u00eau \u00e2m. V\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn (tr\u00ean 3MHz) s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 1 MHz). S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, t\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u2026T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 si\u00eau \u00e2m (W\/cm2) v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c hay xung.
\nT\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng sinh nhi\u1ec7t. S\u1ef1 sinh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc sang n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t. Si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 3-5cm.
\nT\u1eeb t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0: t\u0103ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng do t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u0103ng t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 do k\u00edch th\u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 th\u1ea7n kinh, t\u0103ng t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, k\u00edch th\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i sinh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i vi, gi\u1ea3m \u0111au…<\/p>\n

\u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG TRONG C\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P, N\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: h\u00e0n si\u00eau \u00e2m, ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, gia c\u00f4ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m\u2026.
\nNg\u00e0y nay, nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t da d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0: ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt trong kim lo\u1ea1i, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng,… T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1edd bi\u1ebfn t\u1eed v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m tra.
\nNgo\u00e0i ra, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a dao \u0111\u1ed9ng si\u00eau \u00e2m, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a dao \u0111\u1ed9ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p, l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft h\u00e0n khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n, th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. H\u00e0n si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c Khz cho m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. H\u00e0n si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tinh vi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n.
\nSi\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea5y, song h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ea5y n\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a, l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG TRONG TH\u1ef0C PH\u1ea8M<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u1eddi gian ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u0103ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.
\nM\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u. R\u01b0\u1ee3u sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 “gi\u00e0 \u0111i” nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0: pH, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n, \u0111o s\u1eafc k\u00ed kh\u00ed, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3m quan). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m thay th\u1ebf cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1ee7 r\u01b0\u1ee3u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng cho th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, gi\u00fap th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n.\/.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong>
\n1. Audrey Chingzu Chang, Fa Chung Chen – The application of 20 kHz ultrasonic waves to accelerate the aging of different wines \u2013 2002
\n2. D. Bates – Case Studies in Novel Food Processing Technologies Industrial applications of high power ultrasonics in the food, beverage and wine industry \u2013 2010
\n3. D. Novoa-D\u00edaz, J.M. Rodr\u00edguez-Nogales, Fern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez – Ultrasonic monitoring of malolactic fermentation in red wines – 2014
\n4. Shin-ichi Matsuoka; Hisashi Imai – Direct welding of different metals used ultrasonic vibration \u2013 2009
\n5. A.P. Hulst – Macrosonics in industry 2. Ultrasonic welding of metals \u2013 1972
\n6. J.V. Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez1, J.A. Carcel1, A. Mulet1, E. Riera2, J.A. Gallego-Juarez2- Ultrasonic drying for food preservation \u2013 2015
\n7. M.P. Matheny, K.F. Graff\u2013 Ultrasonic welding of metals \u2013 1965
\n8. Farid chemat, Zill-e-Huma, Muhammed Kamran Khan – Applications of ultrasound in food technology: Processing, preservation and extraction \u2013 2010
\n9. F.J Fuchs – Power Ultrasonics Ultrasonic cleaning and washing of surfaces – 2015
\n10. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u00e3ng B\u00ecnh \u2013 s\u1ed1 3\/2014
\n11. Farid chemat, Zill-e-Huma, Muhammed Kamran Khan – Applications of ultrasound in food technology: Processing, preservation and extraction \u2013 2010<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p: Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5n Minh<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan truy\u1ec1n trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 r\u1eafn, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh (kho\u1ea3ng 344 m\/s trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed). Do c\u00f9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 lan truy\u1ec1n, trong khi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":3363,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3362"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3362\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3367,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3362\/revisions\/3367"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}