{"id":32514,"date":"2023-07-11T08:57:03","date_gmt":"2023-07-11T01:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=32514"},"modified":"2023-07-11T08:57:16","modified_gmt":"2023-07-11T01:57:16","slug":"cay-lua-va-mot-so-hop-chat-sinh-hoc-co-ich-trong-cay-lua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/cay-lua-va-mot-so-hop-chat-sinh-hoc-co-ich-trong-cay-lua\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2y l\u00faa v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u00edch trong c\u00e2y l\u00faa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y l\u00faa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L\u00faa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 5 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. L\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng nam ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi. L\u00faa th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 1\/5 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, l\u00faa c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: r\u01b0\u1ee3u, b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa, g\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u00f3 lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong n\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch gieo tr\u1ed3ng, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00faa trong 5 n\u0103m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2018 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao (B\u1ea3ng 1). H\u00e0ng n\u0103m, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed3ng g\u1ea7n 8 tri\u1ec7u hecta v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh 43 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. L\u00faa c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m<\/strong><\/td>2016<\/strong><\/td>2017<\/strong><\/td>2018<\/strong><\/td>2019<\/strong><\/td>2020<\/strong><\/td>2021<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch (tri\u1ec7u ha)<\/td>7,74<\/td>7,72<\/td>7,57<\/td>7,47<\/td>7,28<\/td>7,24<\/td><\/tr>
T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n)<\/td>43,17<\/td>42,84<\/td>43,98<\/td>43,45<\/td>42,69<\/td>43,88<\/td><\/tr>
N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t (t\u1ea5n\/ha)<\/td>5,6<\/td>5,55<\/td>5,81<\/td>5,82<\/td>5,87<\/td>6,06<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
B\u1ea3ng 1. <\/strong><\/a>T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00faa \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2016-2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Hoa K\u1ef3 (USDA), Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eb1m trong top 5 qu\u1ed1c gia d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u00faa g\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u g\u1ea1o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022. V\u00f9ng \u0110BSCL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 3 v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa IR50404, T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean, H\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u00e0i, N\u00e0ng Th\u01a1m, N\u1ebfp T\u00edm B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, Huy\u1ebft R\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110BSCL. Gi\u1ed1ng IR50404 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u00faa g\u1ea1o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IRRI) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng amylose cao v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea1c b\u1ee5ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1ed1ng N\u00e0ng Th\u01a1m, T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean, H\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ea1o m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c, m\u00f9i th\u01a1m d\u1ecbu. N\u1ebfp t\u00edm B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau v\u00e0 Huy\u1ebft R\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 hai gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa g\u1ea1o m\u00e0u t\u00edm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p anthocyanin cao [3,4].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a><\/a>C<\/a>\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u00edch trong c\u00e2y l\u00faa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/a><\/a>Polyphenol<\/em><\/a><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00f2ng benzen mang m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m th\u1ebf hydroxyl \u0111\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u01a1m, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0: c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenol \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t (C6), acetophenon v\u00e0 acid phenylacetic (C6-C2), acid cinnamic v\u00e0 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t (C6-C3), stilben (C6-C2-C6), chalcon v\u00e0 dihydrochalcon (C6-C3-C6), flavonoid v\u00e0 anthocyanin (C15), quinon (C6, C10, C14), betacyanin (C18), lignan v\u00e0 tannin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polyphenol c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c polyphenol \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cho ph\u00e9p n\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c vitamin A, C, E v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c polyphenol t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a polyphenol t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a polyphenol trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n in vitro<\/em> l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eaft g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0n da ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 do (Reactive oxygen species, ROS) b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1edfi tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i (Ultraviolet, UV). Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a polyphenol ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 photoprotector r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1eafng (Sun Protection Factor, SPF) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t flavonoid, stilben v\u00e0 acid hydroxycinnamic, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi. Ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd keratinocytes HaCaT b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t polyphenol ho\u1eb7c phenolic l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ROS n\u1ed9i b\u00e0o, g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi UV ho\u1eb7c hydroperoxid [5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anthocyanin l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd flavonoid v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd [6]. C\u00e1c anthocyanins trong g\u1ea1o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n m\u00e1u, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m cholesterol v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft, ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean, \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebft axit d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf k\u1ebft t\u1eadp ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u [7,8]. L\u00e1 l\u00faa gi\u1ed1ng g\u1ea1o m\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng anthocyanin cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng g\u1ea1o tr\u1eafng b\u1edfi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t anthocyanin [1]. Anthocyanin trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u1eb1m trong kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi. Anthocyanin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, v\u00ec s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t, l\u00f3ng, b\u1eb9 l\u00e1, phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1, ligules, auricles, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u1ecf. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u1edf b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf l\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u gen \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u1edf c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 anthocyanin trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u01b0 trong h\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a anthocyanin nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i oxy ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (ROS) v\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 l\u00e1 m\u00e0u t\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Axit protocatechuic l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polyphenol ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 anthocyanin v\u00e0 procyanidin. Axit protocatechuic c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1n h\u1ee7y d\u00e0i trong m\u00e1u \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o m\u00e1u n\u00e3o. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft, \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t sinh ung th\u01b0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng apoptosis, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng sinh \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u00f4 ung th\u01b0 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111au, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ng virus v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n [9].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polyphenol c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Candida<\/em> (l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh n\u1ea5m \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch). Candida<\/em> albicans<\/em> sinh s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 khoang mi\u1ec7ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 da c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh [10]. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. B\u1ec7nh t\u01b0a mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng do n\u1ea5m Candida<\/em> albicans<\/em> g\u00e2y ra. B\u1ec7nh n\u1ea5m Candida<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh d\u1ee5c n\u1eef hay vi\u00eam \u00e2m h\u1ed9 – \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i sinh do ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m Candida<\/em> m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Candida albicans<\/em> g\u00e2y n\u00ean (kho\u1ea3ng 90%). Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng da th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m Candida<\/em> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng da \u00edt th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, hay \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt nh\u01b0: b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111eo g\u0103ng tay, v\u00e0nh da \u1edf g\u1ed1c m\u00f3ng tay \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, khu v\u1ef1c da quanh h\u00e1ng, c\u00e1c n\u1ebfp nh\u0103n \u1edf m\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ebfp da d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Candida<\/em> kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. Candida<\/em> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m Candida<\/em> kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n huy\u1ebft do n\u1ea5m Candida<\/em> x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a acid phenolic \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Candida<\/em>. C\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t acid phenolic nh\u01b0 acid gallic, caffeic, cinnamic, benzoic, protocatechuic v\u00e0 phenylacetic c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng n\u1ea5m (B\u1ea3ng 2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/strong><\/td>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Anti-Candida<\/em><\/strong><\/td>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Acid gallic<\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC 18804), C. krusei<\/em> <\/em>(ATCC 6258), C. parapsilosis<\/em> (ATCC 22019), C. dubliniensis <\/em>(NCPF 3108) v\u00e0 C. glabrata <\/em>(ATCC 90030)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml) respectively: 10000, 10000, 10000, 10000, 8<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells and biofilm of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC 90028), C. glabrata<\/em> (ATCC 2001), C. parapsilosis<\/em> <\/em>(ATCC 22019) v\u00e0 C. tropicalis<\/em> (ATCC 750)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml) biofilm respectively: 5000, 1250, 625, 625<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells (plate diffusion)<\/td>MIC (mg cm\u2212<\/sup> 3<\/sup>): 2.5<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC 10231) v\u00e0 C. tropicalis <\/em>(ATCC 750)<\/td>MIC and MFC (\u03bcg\/ml) respectively: 200, 200, 200, 100<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC 90028), 5 clinical strains, C. krusei<\/em> (ATCC 6258) v\u00e0 C. parapsilosis <\/em>(ATCC 20019)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml) respectively: 4000, 4000, 8000, 4000, 16000, 16000, 8000, 4000<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC  0231) v\u00e0 C. parapsilosis <\/em>(ATCC 22019)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml) respectively: 8, 16<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC 90028), C. krusei<\/em> (ATCC 6258) v\u00e0 C. parapsilosis<\/em> (ATCC 22019)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml): 100<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Biofilm of C. albicans<\/em> (not cited strain)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml): 1000<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (MTCC 183)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml): 1.78<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid gallic <\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (not cited strain)<\/td>Halo: 12 mm (100 \u03bcg on a sterile filter paper disk with 6 mm diameter)<\/td><\/tr>
Acid caffeic<\/td>Planktonic cells of C.<\/em> albicans<\/em> and inhibition of isocitrate lyase activity assay<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml): 1000; inhibition of 91,5% of the isocitrate lyase enzyme activity<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid caffeic <\/td>Planktonic cells and biofilm of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC 10231)<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml): planktonic: 128; pre-formed, 4 and 24 h biofilm: 256<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0 Acid caffeic <\/td>Planktonic cells of C. albicans<\/em> (ATCC 10231) and<\/td>MIC (\u03bcg\/ml) respectively: 8, 16<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
B\u1ea3ng 2. <\/strong><\/a>B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng Candida c\u1ee7a acid phenolic \u00a0[5]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ng n\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polyphenol (H\u00ecnh 1). C\u00e1c acid phenolic nh\u01b0 acid ferulic v\u00e0 gallic l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n Gram d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Gram \u00e2m. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng minh d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t acid caffeic t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t Candida<\/em> v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p 1,3-\u03b2-glucan tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o C. albicans<\/em> [11].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a polyphenol \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c da \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt gi\u00e0u polyphenol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
H\u00ecnh 1<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong> C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 acid phenolic ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Candida<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Chlorophyll<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c (chlorophyll) l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 quang t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, t\u1ea3o, vi khu\u1ea9n lam. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng chlorophyll c\u00f3 trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong y h\u1ecdc, chlorophyll \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c gan, k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, kh\u00e1ng vi\u00eam v\u00e0 da ph\u00e1t ban, thanh l\u1ecdc m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ru\u1ed9t, ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Chlorophyll c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 aflatoxin B1 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c, heterocyclic amine trong th\u1ecbt n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn ho\u1eb7c polycyclic aromatic hydrocacbon trong thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1. Chlorophyll c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y canxi oxalat dihydrate (hay s\u1ecfi th\u1eadn). Chlorophyll v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng nhanh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 25% trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, v\u00ec chlorophyll th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1ee1 c\u00f3 chlorophyll c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111au sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1edbi chlorophyll [12].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, chlorophyll \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 gia (ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u) v\u1edbi m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 E140. Chlorophyll a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 pheophorbide b v\u00e0 pheophytin b hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan trong trong ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 b\u1edfi ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn hay b\u1eaby c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a chlorophyll a \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a chlorophyll b v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng b\u1ed5 sung chlorophyll c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng antimutagenic [2].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m, chlorophyll c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5n tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e1 nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb m\u1ee5n tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e1 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u00e0n da khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gel chlorophyll [13]. Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t chlorophyll c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean da, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 50% v\u00e0 25% c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i C. albicans<\/em> [14].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y l\u00faa L\u00faa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 5 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. L\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng nam ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi. L\u00faa th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":32515,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,47,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghe","category-tin-tuc","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32514"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32514\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32517,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32514\/revisions\/32517"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}