{"id":30682,"date":"2021-12-09T09:50:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-09T02:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=30682"},"modified":"2021-12-16T09:52:50","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T02:52:50","slug":"chuyen-doi-polymer-sinh-hoc-thanh-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/chuyen-doi-polymer-sinh-hoc-thanh-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i polymer sinh h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc), sau khi th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c polymer t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf \u1ed3 \u1ea1t c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. Ch\u1ec9 14% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1nh k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng gian sinh t\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00f3c b\u00faa v\u1ec1 nh\u1ef1a, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u201cv\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n\u201d, nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a s\u1ebd quay v\u00f2ng sau khi th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Tokyo, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc do PGS Daisuke Aoki v\u00e0 GS Hideyuki Otsuka d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111ang ti\u00ean phong cho m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc), sau khi th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 28\/10\/2021 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Green Chemistry c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng gia, t\u1eadp trung nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o poly (isosorbide carbonate), hay \u201cPIC\u201d, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i polycarbonate sinh h\u1ecdc, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf cho polycarbonate g\u1ed1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. PIC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb glucose, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 isosorbide (ISB), m\u1ed9t monome. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng li\u00ean k\u1ebft cacbonat v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ISB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amoniac (NH3) trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u201cph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ammonolysis\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ufeffS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u01a1n ph\u00e2n urea<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra urea, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed gi\u00e0u nitrogen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y polymer cho nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c monome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n PIC, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00f4n h\u00f2a (30\u00b0C v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n) nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m quang ph\u1ed5 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Fourier v\u00e0 s\u1eafc k\u00fd th\u1ea5m gel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t urea theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a PIC kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sau 24 gi\u1edd, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t ISB v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1eed t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u gi\u1edd \u1edf 90\u00b0C. TS Aoki cho bi\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c n\u00e0o, cho th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i PIC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amoniac trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111un n\u00f3ng. Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a PIC l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n gi\u00e0u nit\u01a1 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PIC \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt m\u1eabu, c\u00e2y Arabidopsis thaliana. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i PIC ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng urea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1i B\u1eb1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/khoahocdoisong.vn\/chuyen-doi-polymer-sinh-hoc-thanh-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong-185179.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc), sau khi th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. Nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n Nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":30683,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30682","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30682"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30684,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30682\/revisions\/30684"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}