{"id":29033,"date":"2021-10-06T13:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-06T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=29033"},"modified":"2022-02-15T10:49:34","modified_gmt":"2022-02-15T03:49:34","slug":"pin-mat-troi-trong-suot-su-dung-den-30-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/pin-mat-troi-trong-suot-su-dung-den-30-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn 30 n\u0103m"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Michigan \u1edf Ann Arbor M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao trong v\u00f2ng 30 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo Yongxi Li, tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Michigan, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t<\/a> n\u00e0y, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Michigan.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u1eefu c\u01a1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf carbon c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in b\u1eb1ng m\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp si\u00eau m\u1ecfng l\u00ean l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u1ef1a trong su\u1ed1t. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c photon trong v\u00f9ng h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a quang ph\u1ed5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn silicon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u photon h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o silicon d\u00e0y h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c k\u00ednh t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u00f3m nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Yongxi Li thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng fullerene (ph\u00e2n t\u1eed carbon h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u). Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed do \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng oxit thi\u1ebfc indium, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trung t\u00ednh m\u00e0u v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t 8,1%, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng oxit b\u1ea1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00ean 10,1%, nh\u01b0ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u. \u00d4ng Li cho bi\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng fullerene c\u00f3 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n ly d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ef1c t\u00edm ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1eefu c\u01a1 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 40% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong v\u00f2ng 12 tu\u1ea7n, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 94% hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bang North Carolina \u1edf Raleigh, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thi\u00ean T\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chi\u1ebft Giang \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp k\u1ebdm oxit \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u01a1. Th\u00eam c\u00e1c “l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m” si\u00eau m\u1ecfng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c carbon, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a pin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 0,1cm2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i m2 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 1.000W n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Trong quang ph\u1ed5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 100 milliwatt\/cm2 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00f3m k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 pin b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong 1.900 gi\u1edd, t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00ean 27 l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1edbi 65\u00b0C, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 94% hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng Li cho bi\u1ebft, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Michigan \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi “mini” r\u1ed9ng 15cm2 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n hay kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 khi l\u1edbp pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch pin \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TH\u00c1I B\u1eb0NG<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/khoahocdoisong.vn\/pin-mat-troi-trong-suot-su-dung-den-30-nam-181094.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n. Pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u1eefu c\u01a1 Trong m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Michigan \u1edf Ann Arbor M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":29034,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29033","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29033"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29033\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31126,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29033\/revisions\/31126"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29034"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29033"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29033"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}