{"id":28590,"date":"2019-12-16T19:04:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-16T12:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=28590"},"modified":"2021-10-03T19:05:29","modified_gmt":"2021-10-03T12:05:29","slug":"thu-nhiet-nang-thai-bang-polyme-cai-tien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/thu-nhiet-nang-thai-bang-polyme-cai-tien\/","title":{"rendered":"Thu nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng polyme c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ciast.ninhthuan.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/12-2019-40.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/ciast.ninhthuan.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/12-2019-40.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"12-2019-40\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng 40% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 60%. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng do c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Massachusetts Amherst \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn khai th\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nh\u1edd polyme.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dhandapani Venkataraman, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o: \u201c<em>\u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c polyme. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a polyme theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zlatan Aksamija, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201c<em>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng polyme \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua khai th\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u. Nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u0169ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean; quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea3i c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u00e0ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/em>\u201d. Thu nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i s\u1ebd b\u1edbt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n khi c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t cao c\u1ea5p gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aksamija cho r\u1eb1ng polyme nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n khai th\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, polyme v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d o nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea5n quanh \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y nh\u1edd quy tr\u00ecnh \u201c<em>doping<\/em>\u201c. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed9n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o polyme \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng quy tr\u00ecnh doping li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u201c<em>\u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i<\/em>\u201d. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p do nhi\u1ec7t sinh ra \u00edt h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u201ckh\u00f4ng doping\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cdoping t\u1ed1i \u0111a\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng polyme pha t\u1ea1p thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng K\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi l\u1ef1c qu\u00e9t d\u00f2 Kelvin \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nano v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ee5m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c polyme pha t\u1ea1p \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. V\u1edbi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u1eadp m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong trade-off m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n c\u1ee5m l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong trade-off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf polyme hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng 40% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 60%. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28593,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28590\/revisions\/28593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}