{"id":27414,"date":"2020-04-19T15:27:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-19T08:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=27414"},"modified":"2021-11-05T15:39:14","modified_gmt":"2021-11-05T08:39:14","slug":"xu-ly-nuoc-thai-bang-nhu-tuong-nano-sat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/xu-ly-nuoc-thai-bang-nhu-tuong-nano-sat\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng nano s\u1eaft"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 do Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1eeba c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, v\u1eeba ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p l\u1edbn t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi sinh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng song vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi sinh c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u00edt b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp: ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1eefu c\u01a1; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f9ng l\u00fac ch\u01b0a cao; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh…  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Thi\u1ec1u Qu\u1ed1c H\u00e2n, Ph\u00f3 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n KH&CN qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng) c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m KH&CN VI\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nano s\u1eaft (m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u nano kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nano s\u1eaft v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nano kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1eed cao, nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u01b0 clo, nit\u01a1, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenol, benzen hay c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t mang m\u00e0u,… Sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, nano s\u1eaft s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t oxit s\u1eaft Fe3<\/sub>O4<\/sub> v\u00e0 Fe2<\/sub>O3<\/sub> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. Do v\u1eady, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y luy\u1ec7n kim ho\u1eb7c tuy\u1ec3n kho\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh cao. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Thi\u1ec1u Qu\u1ed1c H\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt chi ph\u00ed.  C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u1ec1n, vi nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a, kh\u1eed bo hy\u0111rua,… trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed bo hy\u0111rua (kh\u1eed pha l\u1ecfng), nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch ion kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nano. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed bo hy\u0111rua, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p FeCl2<\/sub> v\u1edbi NaBH4<\/sub> v\u00e0 NaOH – nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ki\u1ebfm \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1edfi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 d\u1ea1ng nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i.  Ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3? D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u2013 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, sau b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n phun nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 10-30% v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 1 l\u00edt nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng\/100m3<\/sup> n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, s\u1ee5c th\u1ed5i kh\u00ed li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 1-12 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00ed cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u1edbi nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH trung t\u00ednh n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 7-7,5 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 15-45o<\/sup>C. N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 l\u1eafng s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n b\u00f9n c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea7n b\u00f9n l\u1eafng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 ra ngo\u00e0i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t, Qu\u1ed1c Oai, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i cho th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sau x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1t quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia QCVN 40:2011\/BTNMT v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed kho\u1ea3ng 4000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/m3 <\/sup>n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, r\u1ebb h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng chung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1edd t\u00ednh m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cao, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng) v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3\u00a0Thi\u1ec1u Qu\u1ed1c H\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ee5c S\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (B\u1ed9 KH&CN) c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu \u00edch s\u1ed1\u00a02-0001826\u00a0c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 25\/09\/2018. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1m x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Li\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00edn, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p B\u1edd tr\u00e1i S\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0 (H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh),\u2026\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Thi\u1ec1u Qu\u1ed1c H\u00e2n (b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i) ki\u1ec3m tra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1m x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng (huy\u1ec7n Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00edn, TP H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). \u1ea2nh: Q\u0110ND<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n: Thanh An- https:\/\/www.ipvietnam.gov.vn\/vi_VN\/web\/guest\/sang-che-viet\/-\/asset_publisher\/XzSH8lY4WRq7\/content\/giai-phap-xu-ly-nuoc-thai-cong-nghiep-gia-re-bang-nano-sat-hoa-tri-0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng nano s\u1eaft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb 0 do Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1eeba c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, v\u1eeba ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27414"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27414\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29517,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27414\/revisions\/29517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}