{"id":26338,"date":"2020-10-10T16:51:29","date_gmt":"2020-10-10T09:51:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=26338"},"modified":"2021-11-05T11:01:31","modified_gmt":"2021-11-05T04:01:31","slug":"nobel-vat-ly-2020-ve-tay-3-nha-khoa-hoc-nghien-cuu-ho-den","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/nobel-vat-ly-2020-ve-tay-3-nha-khoa-hoc-nghien-cuu-ho-den\/","title":{"rendered":"Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd 2020 v\u1ec1 tay 3 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed1 \u0111en"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i ch\u00fat \u00edt nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i th\u00ec 3 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel v\u00e0 Andrea Ghez \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ean c\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd 2020 v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Nobel
Ba nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel v\u00e0 Andrea Ghez c\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd 2020 – \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ba nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel v\u00e0 Andrea Ghez \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd 2020 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u00ean v\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u1ee7y ban c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i Nobel, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u0103m nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef3 th\u00fa nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5: h\u1ed1 \u0111en. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng 10 tri\u1ec7u crown Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n (1,1 tri\u1ec7u USD). Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0nh cho \u00f4ng Penrose (ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh) v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t (hay thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng) d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 \u0111en. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0nh cho hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Genzel (nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u00ean v\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 Ghez (ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9) v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra “v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh si\u00eau n\u1eb7ng, chi ph\u1ed1i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao \u1edf trung t\u00e2m ng\u00e2n h\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng Roger Penrose<\/strong> l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd to\u00e1n, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng gia London. \u00d4ng Penrose n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd to\u00e1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i Wolf n\u0103m 1988, nh\u1eadn c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1eebng danh Stephen Hawking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0 Andrea Ghez<\/strong> l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i khoa v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i UCLA. N\u0103m 2004, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Discover <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn b\u00e0 Ghez l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 20 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 am hi\u1ec3u l\u1edbn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u0103m 2012, b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i Crafoord.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o Dagens Nyheter<\/em> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n hai nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u00ean v\u0103n Shep Doeleman c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Heino Falcke c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd 2020 v\u00ec c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd gi\u00fap quan s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1ed7 \u0111en trong th\u00e1ng 4-2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u00e0i SR <\/em>c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0111o\u00e1n gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Peter Shor, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00f4m nay v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed; ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd trao cho nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Alain Aspect c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00ec c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 r\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (quantum entanglement).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 trao 113 l\u1ea7n cho 213 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1901-2019, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng John Bardeen l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai l\u1ea7n trao Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1956 v\u00e0 1972.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho ba nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc James Peebles, Michel Mayor v\u00e0 Didier Queloz “v\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t trong thi\u00ean h\u00e0”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo H\u00e3ng tin AFP, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1901, kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1969, theo trang web c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel (Nobelprize.org), c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 703 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh trong t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 441 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi 248 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (35%) sinh t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u00f2n khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa: 57% gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel (251\/441 gi\u1ea3i) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0110H M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m trao gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Kim Thoa- https:\/\/tuoitre.vn\/nobel-vat-ly-2020-ve-tay-3-nguoi-20201006143807139.htm <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i ch\u00fat \u00edt nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i th\u00ec 3 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel v\u00e0 Andrea Ghez \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ean c\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd 2020 v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Ba nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel v\u00e0 Andrea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":26339,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghe","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26338"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26338\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29490,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26338\/revisions\/29490"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}