![\"\"\/](\"http:\/\/www.vista.gov.vn\/vn-uploads\/news\/2020_08\/12-8-2020\/7.jpg\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu gom r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 “r\u1ea5t khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n”. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn l\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u00f9 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m “\u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3” n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng song song v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Exeter, Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi Leibniz, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1edf th\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 Leibniz, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Jacobs v\u00e0 S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch nh\u1ef1a \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1ef1a tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, v\u00ec kh\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2029 v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean h\u01a1n 860.000 t\u1ea5n, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh 399.000 t\u1ea5n hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2052 (khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
TS. Jesse F. Abrams, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng: “Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu gom t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1ef1a trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ef1a tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ra ho\u1eb7c t\u00edch t\u1ee5 sinh h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ch\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u00eam CO2 v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n<\/em>“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t thu gom nh\u1ef1a t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng h\u1ed3 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Ocean Cleanup nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch “t\u1ea3ng r\u00e1c Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>” trong 20 n\u0103m t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn n\u1ed5i d\u00e0i 600m \u0111\u1ec3 thu gom nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 200 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng trong 130 n\u0103m qua t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2150. Trong k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ef1a tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m 44.900 t\u1ea5n, ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n 5% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ef1a tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n TS. S\u00f6nke Hohn, m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho bi\u1ebft: “T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n so v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf t\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/em>“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng qua c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng “ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/em>” t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn l\u0169, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn l\u0169 n\u00e0y tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Do kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u1ef1a, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. “Nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 v\u1ee9t v\u1ecf nh\u1ef1a<\/em>“, GS. Agostino Merico, thu\u1ed9c Trung t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi Leibniz n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n