{"id":13840,"date":"2018-09-01T08:18:00","date_gmt":"2018-09-01T01:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=13840"},"modified":"2020-06-28T21:39:30","modified_gmt":"2020-06-28T14:39:30","slug":"dot-pha-cuu-mang-hang-trieu-nguoi-cac-nha-khoa-hoc-chuyen-hieu-qua-mau-nhom-ab-thanh-nhom-o-co-the-truyen-cho-bat-ky-ai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/dot-pha-cuu-mang-hang-trieu-nguoi-cac-nha-khoa-hoc-chuyen-hieu-qua-mau-nhom-ab-thanh-nhom-o-co-the-truyen-cho-bat-ky-ai\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee9u m\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m A,B th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m O, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u cho nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u1eefa.<\/h2>\n
Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 4 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u: A, B, AB v\u00e0 O. Trong \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f3m O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e1u qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n cho c\u1ea3 3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/div>\n
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M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 40% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u O, ngu\u1ed3n cung m\u00e1u v\u1eabn b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra sau thi\u00ean tai ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc British Columbia \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n trong ru\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1u thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m A, B th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m O.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1u cho nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

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\"\u0110\u1ed9t<\/div>\n
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C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m A v\u00e0 B th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m O \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u00a0v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay. Trong \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Steve Withers \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc British Columbia cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t enzyme c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m A, B th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m O.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p 30 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1edfi kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean g\u1eafn v\u1edbi n\u00f3. M\u00e1u nh\u00f3m A c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean A, nh\u00f3m B c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean B v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m AB c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 2 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m O kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn m\u00e1u c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ea1 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ea1, coi ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m AB c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 2 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u00e0o ngo\u00e0i AB. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u O c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u O.<\/p>\n

L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean g\u1eafn v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u, bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00e1u th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m O \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1982, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t enzyme trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean B v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m B th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m O. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m O b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a gen ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cho k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

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\"\u0110\u1ed9t<\/div>\n
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S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

“C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t (nh\u00f3m O) trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c enzyme c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf<\/i>“, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Withers cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c enzyme ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng h\u01a1n, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 metagenomic.<\/p>\n

“V\u1edbi metagenomic, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i thu th\u1eadp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 DNA c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o v\u1edbi nhau<\/i>“, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Withers gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. “Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu c\u00e1c gen c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u vi sinh v\u1eadt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nu\u00f4i ch\u00fang [h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n] ri\u00eang l\u1ebb<\/i>“.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Withers t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c gen m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho enzyme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean A v\u00e0 B kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1u. D\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c enzyme n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

Enzyme n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean A v\u00e0 B kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u1ea5p 30 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u A, B th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m O. “K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n cung m\u00e1u hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u00ec m\u00e1u nh\u00f3m O c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai<\/i>“, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Withers n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u cho nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0Sci-news, Thenextweb<\/i><\/p>\n

B\u00c1O \u0110I\u1ec6N T\u1eec TR\u00cd TH\u1ee8C TR\u1eba<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u cho nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u1eefa. Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 4 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u: A, B, AB v\u00e0 O. Trong \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f3m O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e1u qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n cho c\u1ea3 3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":13841,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13840"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25505,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13840\/revisions\/25505"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}