{"id":13421,"date":"2018-08-16T08:53:46","date_gmt":"2018-08-16T01:53:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=13421"},"modified":"2018-08-16T08:53:46","modified_gmt":"2018-08-16T01:53:46","slug":"sach-giao-khoa-sinh-hoc-se-co-them-bai-moi-sau-khi-cac-nha-khoa-hoc-do-duoc-toc-do-chet-cua-te-bao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/sach-giao-khoa-sinh-hoc-se-co-them-bai-moi-sau-khi-cac-nha-khoa-hoc-do-duoc-toc-do-chet-cua-te-bao\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa sinh h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam b\u00e0i m\u1edbi, sau khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc quay l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed (apoptosis<\/i>) xuy\u00ean qua t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 3 micromet (0,003 mm) m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n domino \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh dung t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

S\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3n, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khuy\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n ra ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111a b\u00e0o, s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t tham gia v\u00e0o chu tr\u00ecnh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edbi – gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong n\u00e3o, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n lan d\u1ecdc theo s\u1ee3i tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

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\"S\u00e1ch<\/div>\n
\n

C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng nhau, gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng domino?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

“C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/i>“, nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a sinh James Ferrell thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford cho bi\u1ebft. “T\u00f4i c\u00e1 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1edbm th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa”.<\/i><\/p>\n

Apoptosis l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gi\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00fang t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0\u00a0tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 apoptosis. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ung th\u01b0. Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4i khi apoptosis ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a th\u1ea7n kinh nh\u01b0 Parkinson v\u00e0 Alzheimer.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 apoptosis \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u00f3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a th\u1ea7n kinh \u2013 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

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\"S\u00e1ch<\/div>\n
\n

Apoptosis l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 xem apoptosis \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con \u1ebfch m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t ch\u00e2u Phi. H\u1ecd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t trong tr\u1ee9ng – t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n – v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t apoptosis, quan s\u00e1t n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nhu\u1ed9m m\u1ed9t protein hu\u1ef3nh quang m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o khi apoptosis x\u1ea3y ra. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ra, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o\u00a0lan truy\u1ec1n qua s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, b\u1edfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng xanh di chuy\u1ec3n \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p giao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf b\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 xem li\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t apoptosis trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng \u1ebfch nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7n, t\u1ed1i m\u00e0u h\u01a1n khi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng cong tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

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\"S\u00e1ch<\/div>\n
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Apoptosis x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o tr\u1ee9ng \u1ebfch b\u1edfi s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Sau khi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng \u1ebfch \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, caspases ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a – c\u00e1c enzyme \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh apoptosis \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. Tr\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1ng, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng caspases ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c caspases \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 lan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c caspases l\u00e2n c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y domino b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Science, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i t\u00ecm s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t trong hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 xem s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trong c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh hay kh\u00f4ng. B\u1edfi virus lan truy\u1ec1n trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0Sciencealert<\/i><\/p>\n

B\u00c1O \u0110I\u1ec6N T\u1eec TR\u00cd TH\u1ee8C TR\u1eba<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc quay l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed (apoptosis) xuy\u00ean qua t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 3 micromet (0,003 mm) m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":13422,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13423,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13421\/revisions\/13423"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}