{"id":13219,"date":"2018-08-01T08:26:56","date_gmt":"2018-08-01T01:26:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=13219"},"modified":"2018-08-08T09:32:22","modified_gmt":"2018-08-08T02:32:22","slug":"can-kiet-khang-sinh-cac-cong-ty-duoc-pham-lon-nhat-the-gioi-lan-luot-dong-cua-chuong-trinh-nghien-cuu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/can-kiet-khang-sinh-cac-cong-ty-duoc-pham-lon-nhat-the-gioi-lan-luot-dong-cua-chuong-trinh-nghien-cuu\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t kh\u00e1ng sinh: C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 100 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Novartis (Th\u1ee5y S\u0129), m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh tinh, tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng virus m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chung: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 4 c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 AstraZeneca (Anh), Sanofi (Ph\u00e1p), Eli Lilly (M\u1ef9) v\u00e0 Allergan (Ireland) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00ec m\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/div>\n
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Theo c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature Biotechnology, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 4 h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn duy tr\u00ec ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh l\u00e0 Merck (\u0110\u1ee9c), Roche (Th\u1ee5y S\u0129), GlaxoSmithKline (Anh) v\u00e0 Pfizer (M\u1ef9). K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 cho t\u1edbi nay, c\u00f3 12 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi tay b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111a ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 r\u00fat lui c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn \u0111ang \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO), nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

Ngay t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 trung b\u00ecnh g\u1ea7n 2.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, con s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 15 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050, theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh.<\/p>\n

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\"C\u1ea1n<\/div>\n
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C\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t kh\u00e1ng sinh: C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

V\u00ec l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/b><\/p>\n

Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng virus \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Novartis \u0111\u01b0a ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sa th\u1ea3i 140 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf Emeryville, California.<\/p>\n

“Trong khi khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00eda sau c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u01b0u ti\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/i>“, Novartis cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd b\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2016 khi h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb1ng sau s\u1ef1 r\u00fat lui c\u1ee7a Novartis, hay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Eli Lilly v\u00e0 Allergan. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111em v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Trung b\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n chi kho\u1ea3ng 1,2 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ee9c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u1ebf, l\u00ean t\u1edbi 2,5 t\u1ef7 USD. \u1ede ph\u00eda th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n kh\u00e1ng sinh \u1edf m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 20-200 USD cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 1-2 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o n\u00ean d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng khi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00f2n th\u1ea3m h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u00ed do n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Novartis \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e9o b\u1edf h\u01a1n bao g\u1ed3m thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa ung th\u01b0, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1n c\u00f2n l\u00e3i h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng sinh<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn 20.000 USD ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ed1c, g\u1ea5p t\u1eeb 100-1.000 l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng sinh. C\u00f2n c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i mua thu\u1ed1c c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 1-2 tu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

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\"C\u1ea1n<\/div>\n
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L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

D\u1ec5 l\u00e0m, kh\u00f3 b\u1ecf<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y vi sinh v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 n\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra penicillin, cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, rifamycin, tetracycline\u2026 cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh d\u00f2ng glycopeptide.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm th\u1ee9c \u0103n xung quanh ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n – m\u1ed9t \u00edt \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng chi\u1ebft t\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng \u1ea5p – l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tinh ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, chuy\u1ec3n giao cho c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00e1n ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Khi nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec “v\u1edbi tay l\u00e0 c\u00f3<\/i>“, m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. “T\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh \u01b0? H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi<\/i>“, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Abbott n\u0103m 1954, khi h\u1ecd t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c erythrocin.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u0169ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1940-1970, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 II. N\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tung ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Khi th\u00ec h\u1ecd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi, khi th\u00ec h\u1ecd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u00fap di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

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\"C\u1ea1n<\/div>\n
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Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1eebng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1940-1970<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

V\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u00e1c s\u0129 k\u00ea kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u00e1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p “k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ed3i t\u00ednh sau<\/i>“. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho u\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3m c\u00fam. Thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh tr\u00e0n lan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ranh gi\u1edbi k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Chloramphenicol, lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3m c\u00fam, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t nguy c\u01a1 ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u b\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1ng sinh. N\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u1ec5 t\u00ecm th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra h\u1ebft. N\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y t\u00e1o m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1o g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u00e1i. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111i l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i t\u00e1o c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi tay l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m hay vi sinh v\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 trong t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng hang \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ra nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n. Nh\u01b0ng trung b\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 13-15 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 cho ra \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi, ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0o may r\u1ee7i.<\/p>\n

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\"C\u1ea1n<\/div>\n
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Khi d\u1ec5, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty thi nhau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh. Khi kh\u00f3, h\u1ecd thi nhau b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

C\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t kh\u00e1ng sinh<\/b><\/p>\n

Ngay trong bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1945, cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh Alexander Fleming \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng: “Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng penicillin ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng penicillin sau n\u00e0y”.<\/i><\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Fleming nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. N\u0103m 1943, penicillin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tung ra th\u00ec n\u0103m 1945, vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng penicillin xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i \u0111i t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi. N\u0103m 1972, vancomycin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf, kh\u00e1ng vancomycin xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u0103m 1988.<\/p>\n

Imipenem ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1985 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1998, kh\u00e1ng imipenem xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, daptomycin ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 2003 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 1 n\u0103m sau xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i nh\u1ea3y c\u1eebu. Thu\u1ed1c ra \u0111\u1eddi, vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i \u0111i t\u00ecm lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang h\u1ee5t h\u01a1i khi m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi sinh ra c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i 20 ph\u00fat, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m th\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 100 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u\u00a0vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng sinh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch 12 si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh, v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u00e0m sao khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd chung tay ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, Allergan v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 Novartis d\u1eebng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a WHO \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda.<\/p>\n

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\"C\u1ea1n<\/div>\n
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\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00eam 15 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi. Trong \u0111\u00f3, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 4 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nh\u1eefng vi khu\u1ea9n nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean vai c\u1ee7a 4 \u00f4ng l\u1edbn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Merck, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline v\u00e0 Pfizer. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eabn thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn duy tr\u00ec ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c start-up tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI), nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi. Trong \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 g\u1ea7n 1 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, Vi\u1ec7n Y t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia (NIH) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u01a1n 5 t\u1ef7 USD (17% t\u1ed5ng kinh ph\u00ed) v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0, kho\u1ea3ng 5.4 t\u1ef7 USD (18%).<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m qu\u1ed1c gia G20 c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t li\u00ean minh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn 40 t\u1ef7 USD. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i con s\u1ed1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u1edbi 100 ng\u00e0n t\u1ef7 USD g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2050 v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 10 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Trong n\u0103m 2018, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho Trung t\u00e2m Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh (CDC) l\u00ean 168 tri\u1ec7u USD \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Nh\u00e2n sinh Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 2 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 CARB-X v\u00e0 BARDA. C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m Hoa K\u1ef3 cho bi\u1ebft c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y \u0111ang h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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\"C\u1ea1n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. FDA cho bi\u1ebft n\u0103m 2017 h\u1ecd ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u0169. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u00eam 1 kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u0111ang ch\u1edd c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, theo\u00a0b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u PEW, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 16 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111ang trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1, 14 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 v\u00e0 15 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c k\u00e9m an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 Chloramphenicol.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/i><\/p>\n

B\u00c1O \u0110I\u1ec6N T\u1eec TR\u00cd TH\u1ee8C TR\u1eba<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 100 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Novartis (Th\u1ee5y S\u0129), m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh tinh, tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng virus […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":13220,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13219"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13221,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13219\/revisions\/13221"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}