{"id":13100,"date":"2018-07-25T16:07:35","date_gmt":"2018-07-25T09:07:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=13100"},"modified":"2018-08-14T00:01:16","modified_gmt":"2018-08-13T17:01:16","slug":"nghien-cuu-moi-bat-ngo-chi-ra-rui-ro-cua-cong-nghe-crispr-gay-dot-bien-gen-quy-mo-lon-khong-ngoai-tru-kha-nang-ung-thu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/nghien-cuu-moi-bat-ngo-chi-ra-rui-ro-cua-cong-nghe-crispr-gay-dot-bien-gen-quy-mo-lon-khong-ngoai-tru-kha-nang-ung-thu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CRISPR: G\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ung th\u01b0"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen CRISPR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia cho ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a CRISPR v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1edbn m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nguy hi\u1ec3m. Theo \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen b\u1eb1ng CRISPR\/Cas9 tr\u00ean chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng gen ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m DNA th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3. M\u1eb7c cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn kilobase, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n c\u1eb7p c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ean DNA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u00edch.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n kh\u1ea3 thi l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen CRISPR\/Cas9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t “t\u1eaft<\/i>” nh\u1eefng gen \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng sinh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u\u2026<\/p>\n

\n
\"Nghi\u00ean<\/div>\n
\n

R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CRISPR: G\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn tr\u00ean gen, kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ung th\u01b0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Wellcome Sanger. “\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a CRISPR\/Cas9 trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen<\/i>“, nh\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc Allan Bradley cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

“Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong DNA tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p”.<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia c\u0169ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0m d\u1eady s\u00f3ng c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o, khi h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n CRISPR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ea1m b\u1eaby ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb r\u00fat l\u1ea1i sau khi ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tham gia v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng s\u0103n t\u00ecm v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nguy hi\u1ec3m m\u00e0 CRISPR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Wellcome Sanger, Bradley v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen l\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

“Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CRISPR\/Cas9 trong vai tr\u00f2 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gen. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n x\u1ea3y ra”<\/i>, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Michael Koscki cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, trong khi \u0111ang nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t gen \u0111\u00edch trong ph\u00f4i g\u1ed1c chu\u1ed9t, CRISPR \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t t\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n DNA l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n c\u1eb7p c\u01a1 s\u1edf. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gen n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

“Ngay khi nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp di truy\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, xem x\u00e9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u1edf c\u00e1c gen kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng CRISPR\/Cas9 c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng”<\/i>, Koscki n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kilobase, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u00f3a \u0111i ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn \u1edf v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn c\u1eb7p c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ean DNA, c\u00e1ch xa \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch m\u00e0 CRISPR\/Cas9 nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c gen kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1ng n\u00f3i h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m DNA chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu CRISPR\/Cas9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eaft c\u00e1c gen quan tr\u1ecdng, g\u00e2y ra h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Nghi\u00ean<\/div>\n
\n

CRISPR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u1eb7p c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ean DNA<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

“Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/i>“, nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft. “C\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u00e0i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, l\u00e2u d\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0”.<\/i><\/p>\n

B\u1edfi c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CRISPR m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

“B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ai c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u gen n\u00ean th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra”<\/i>, Bradley n\u00f3i. Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen b\u1eb1ng CRISPR. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Wellcome Sanger \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature Biotechnology. Ngay sau 20 ph\u00fat ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a 3 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o CRISPR gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 300 tri\u1ec7u USD.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0Sciencealert, Gizmodo<\/i><\/p>\n

B\u00c1O \u0110I\u1ec6N T\u1eec TR\u00cd TH\u1ee8C TR\u1eba<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen CRISPR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia cho ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a CRISPR v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1edbn m\u1edbi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":13101,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13100"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13102,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13100\/revisions\/13102"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}