M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ea3y ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
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<\/div>\nCh\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng sinh di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1eefa \u0103n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tranh gi\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ebft b\u1edbt vi khu\u1ea9n xung quanh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1928, Alexander Fleming l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh penicillin.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh, nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t t\u1eebng gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00f2n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Nh\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Daria Van Tyne t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard cho bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed \u1ea9n<\/p>\n
S\u0103n t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n kh\u00e1ng sinh<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington, Gautam Dantas v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n \u201cB\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u1ee3 t\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Minnesota. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t \u00edt \u0111\u1ea5t<\/i>\u201d, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i. “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Pennsylvania v\u00e0 tranh th\u1ee7 thu th\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c khi leo n\u00fai \u1edf Massachusetts”.<\/i><\/p>\n Sau khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t, Dantas \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u0129a petri \u2013 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u0129a n\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i vi khu\u1ea9n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd cho nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c axit amin (c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean protein).<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng Dantas th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng, \u00f4ng th\u1ea3 v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u0129a petri m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 duy nh\u1ea5t: penicillin. Nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0103n \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i. V\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0103n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau h\u00f3a penicillin.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y ra kh\u1ecfi x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft kh\u00e1c, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nu\u00f4i ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u penicillin cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n N\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3 cam b\u00ean tr\u00e1i ti\u1ebft ra kh\u00e1ng sinh, nh\u01b0ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eafm. Penicillin kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u00f3n kho\u00e1i kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. Khi ch\u1ec9 \u0103n kh\u00e1ng sinh, nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eadm l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u201csuy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/i>\u201d. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n penicillin, Dantas v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gen c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Dantas \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gen ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn gi\u00fap cho vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0103n ph\u00e2n t\u1eed penicillin.<\/p>\n L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed … ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00e1ng sinh?<\/strong><\/p>\n Penicillin thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 beta-lactam. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1edf gi\u1eefa ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng beta-lactam. V\u00f2ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eed carbon v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng sinh treo xung quanh v\u00f2ng n\u00e0y theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n V\u00f2ng beta-lactam l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n. V\u00f2ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u00e2m xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0o quan s\u1ebd r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 qua th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c \u0103n, vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ba b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f2ng beta-lactam penicillin. Nh\u1eefng con vi khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t enzyme, lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n Enzyme n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 beta-lactamase, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng beta-lactam \u0111ang k\u00edn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1edf. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n Ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng beta-lactam, v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng sinh ch\u1ed1ng lai vi khu\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n Sau khi v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng sinh, vi khu\u1ea9n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0103n n\u00f3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi v\u00f2ng beta-lactam \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee1, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u1eabn qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nu\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft penicillin ra th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n “C\u1ee9 cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u1eaft m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed ra l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i<\/i>“, Dantas n\u00f3i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1eaft n\u00f3 \u1edf gi\u1eefa, gi\u1eefa hai ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai n\u1eeda. “Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hai n\u1eeda gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau”, \u00f4ng l\u01b0u \u00fd. “B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda sau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho b\u1ea1n hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1eaft m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00e1ng sinh (thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed), n\u00f3 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i enzyme g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 amidase. Amidase t\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u1eed penicillin th\u00e0nh hai n\u1eeda, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda sau.<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ecdn \u0103n ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng sinh. Dantas v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m 15 enzyme m\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nhai ph\u1ea7n sau c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed penicillin, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. “Ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u0103n ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a con s\u01b0 t\u1eed<\/i>“, Dantas n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m cho vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c \u0103n, Dantas v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5y gen t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c enzyme thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u1eafn ch\u00fang v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n H\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng E. coli, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ebft khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u01b0ng sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn cho c\u00e1c gen m\u1edbi, E. coli \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c penicillin.<\/p>\n Dantas v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature Chemical Biology.<\/p>\n Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n Vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng Dantas l\u1ea1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n “M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang<\/i>“, \u00f4ng l\u01b0u \u00fd. C\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ng sinh, ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0ng th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 ngay trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, ch\u00fang ch\u1ea3y s\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u1ed1ng r\u00e3nh, \u0111i ra s\u00f4ng su\u1ed1i. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 b\u00f2 ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i kh\u00e1c t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3, Dantas gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. C\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n Vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n \u201cTh\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u1ed7i khi ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/i>\u201d, Van Tyne n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Vi khu\u1ea9n th\u00edch trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i v\u1eady? M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n c\u1eafp c\u00e1c gen c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0103n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n Dantas \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c enzyme ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1ng sinh, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang v\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, xem li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng, Dantas n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n Tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0Sciencenewsforstudents<\/i><\/p>\n B\u00c1O \u0110I\u1ec6N T\u1eec TR\u00cd TH\u1ee8C TR\u1eba<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Vi khu\u1ea9n ti\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c enzyme c\u1eaft nh\u1ecf ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh, th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u01a1m thu\u1ed1c ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. S\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c ng\u1ee5y trang c\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":12769,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12768"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12768\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12771,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12768\/revisions\/12771"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"](\"http:\/\/genknews.genkcdn.vn\/thumb_w\/660\/2018\/7\/6\/800px-penicilliummandarijntjes-1530874211703355026368.jpg\")
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