{"id":10426,"date":"2018-05-14T21:36:44","date_gmt":"2018-05-14T14:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ttud.com.vn\/?p=10426"},"modified":"2018-05-14T21:36:44","modified_gmt":"2018-05-14T14:36:44","slug":"trong-10-nam-nua-chung-ta-se-tao-duoc-sieu-te-bao-chong-ung-thu-va-khong-lao-hoa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/trong-10-nam-nua-chung-ta-se-tao-duoc-sieu-te-bao-chong-ung-thu-va-khong-lao-hoa\/","title":{"rendered":"Trong 10 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a?"},"content":{"rendered":"

“C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o si\u00eau an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi”.<\/h2>\n
\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, m\u00e0 theo m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi virus, kh\u00e1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n mang t\u00ean Genome Project-write (GP-write). Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016, GP-write l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Genome Project (d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1ed9 gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1984).<\/p>\n

GP-write h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u201cc\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o si\u00eau an to\u00e0n<\/i>\u201d theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. “C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o si\u00eau an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/i>“, nh\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc George Church t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y Harvard, m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a GP-write cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Trong<\/div>\n
\n

Trong 10 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u201cC\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c virus \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn\u201d<\/i>, Jef Boeke, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n Di truy\u1ec1n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Y t\u1ebf Langone NYU, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a GP-write n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

\u201cR\u1ed3i ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng n\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i prion (protein g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh) v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 m\u00e0 Boeke \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Genome Project, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n 13 n\u0103m v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 3 t\u1ef7 USD ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a 1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gen \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u01b0a gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 gen xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 1.000 USD.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n sau n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 GP-write. Sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 gen, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 gen nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a virus cho \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gen n\u00e0y v\u00e0o sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng si\u00eau sinh v\u1eadt, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00e1c si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i GP-write c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c gen kh\u00e1ng virus th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a DNA. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba virus, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

DNA c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201c\u0111\u1ecdc<\/i>\u201d theo c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m 3 trong 4 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 A, C, G v\u00e0 T. M\u1ed7i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 codon, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i codon \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t axit amin.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i axit amin t\u1ea1o n\u00ean protein. B\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c codon kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t axit amin. Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c codon m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c axit amin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n virus t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n codon \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch sinh s\u00f4i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, GP-write \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y tr\u00ean khu\u1ea9n E. coli. Church v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 321 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i virus.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. \u201cVi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ecdi protein trong b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u2026 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n 400.000 thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u201d<\/i>, Church n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Trong<\/div>\n
\n

Ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u00e0nh si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng virus<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n GP-write v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m Cellectis, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho GP-write c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gen \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n TALEN nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn virus. TALEN c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda b\u1ed9 gen virus v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n GP-write n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y v\u00e0o sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt hay ung th\u01b0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 xa v\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3 quan ban \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra trong ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, virus th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m. \u201cC\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o si\u00eau an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n, r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n\u201d, <\/i>Church n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n GenK<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o Time<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o si\u00eau an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi”. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, m\u00e0 theo m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi virus, kh\u00e1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":10427,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10426","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10426"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10426\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10592,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10426\/revisions\/10592"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10426"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10426"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casta.ttud.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}